World · permanent entity record · EK
Equatorial Guinea
Thirty-second orientation
Equatorial Guinea at a glance
- Capital
- Malabo; note - Malabo is on the island of Bioko; some months of the year, the government operates out of Bata on the mainland region.
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s); adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Government
- presidential republic
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Languages
- Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Fa d'Ambo spoken in Annobon) 32.4% (1994 est.)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history
Equatorial Guinea through time
Admitted to the United Nations
Equatorial Guinea became a member of the United Nations.
United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04
Source history · changed fields only
Changes since the final CIA profile
| Field | Maintained Almanac value | Final CIA profile |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,938,431World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025 | total: 1,795,834 (2024 est.) male: 962,385 female: 833,449CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-08 |
A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.
World Development Indicators · latest available observation
People, economy, and access
Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.
- Gross domestic product
- $12.8 billion
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Gross domestic product per person
- $6,615
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Life expectancy at birth
- 63.9 years
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Urban population
- 71.6%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Access to electricity
- 65.1%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- People using the internet
- 63.3%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.
Maintained profile
- Capital
- Malabo; note - Malabo is on the island of Bioko; some months of the year, the government operates out of Bata on the mainland region.
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
- Area
- 28,051 sq km
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
- Population
- 1,938,431
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Currency
- Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
- Languages
- Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Fa d'Ambo spoken in Annobon) 32.4% (1994 est.)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s); adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
- Continent
- Africa
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “Africa.”
- Coastline
- 296 km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Climate
- tropical; always hot, humid
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Religions
- Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Flag colors
- green, white, red, blue, yellow
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
- National symbol
- silk cotton tree
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Highest point
- Pico Basile · 9,869 ft (3,008 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Lowest point
- Atlantic Ocean · 0 ft (0 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- NATO membership
- Not a member
- NATO, What is NATO? · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
- BRICS membership
- Not a member
- BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data
Final CIA World Factbook profile
This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b
Introduction1 fields
- Background
- Equatorial Guinea consists of a continental territory and five inhabited islands; it is one of the smallest countries by area and population in Africa. The mainland region was most likely predominantly inhabited by Pygmy ethnic groups prior to the migration of various Bantu-speaking ethnic groups around the second millennium BC. The island of Bioko, the largest of Equatorial Guinea’s five inhabited islands and the location of the country’s capital of Malabo, has been occupied since at least 1000 B.C. In the early 1470s, Portuguese explorers landed on Bioko Island, and Portugal soon after established control of the island and other areas of modern Equatorial Guinea. In 1778, Portugal ceded its colonial hold over present-day Equatorial Guinea to Spain in the Treaty of El Pardo. The borders of modern-day Equatorial Guinea would evolve between 1778 and 1968 as the area remained under European colonial rule. In 1968, Equatorial Guinea was granted independence from Spain and elected Francisco MACIAS NGUEMA as its first president. MACIAS consolidated power soon after his election and ruled brutally for over a decade. Under his regime, Equatorial Guinea experienced mass suppression, purges, and killings. Some estimates indicate that a third of the population either went into exile or was killed under MACIAS’ rule. In 1979, present-day President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo, then a senior military officer, deposed MACIAS in a violent coup. OBIANG has ruled since and has been elected in non-competitive contests several times, most recently in 2022. The president exerts near-total control over the political system. Equatorial Guinea experienced rapid economic growth in the early years of the 21st century due to the discovery of large offshore oil reserves in 1996. Production peaked in 2004 and has declined since. The country's economic windfall from oil production resulted in massive increases in government revenue, a significant portion of which was earmarked for infrastructure development. Systemic corruption, however, has hindered socio-economic development, and the population has seen only limited improvements to living standards. Equatorial Guinea continues to seek to diversify its economy, increase foreign investment, and assume a greater role in regional and international affairs. 
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography17 fields
- Location
- Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area
- total : 28,051 sq km land: 28,051 sq km water: 0 sq km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area - comparative
- slightly smaller than Maryland
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land boundaries
- total: 528 km border countries (2): Cameroon 183 km; Gabon 345 km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maritime claims
- territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Terrain
- coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Elevation
- highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m mean elevation: 577 m
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Natural resources
- petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 3.7% (2023 est.) arable land: 1.9% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 1.7% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.) forest: 86.4% (2023 est.) other: 9.9% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- the two large cities are Bata on the mainland and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko; small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands, as shown in this population distribution map
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Natural hazards
- violent windstorms; flash floods volcanism: Santa Isabel (3,007 m), which last erupted in 1923, is the country's only historically active volcano; Santa Isabel and two dormant volcanoes form Bioko Island in the Gulf of Guinea
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Geography - note
- insular and continental regions widely separated; despite its name, no part of the equator passes through Equatorial Guinea -- the mainland part of the country is located just north of the equator
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society25 fields
- Population
- total: 1,795,834 (2024 est.) male: 962,385 female: 833,449
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Nationality
- noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s) adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ethnic groups
- Fang 78.1%, Bubi 9.4%, Ndowe 2.8%, Nanguedambo 2.7%, Bisio 0.9%, foreigner 5.3%, other 0.7%, unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Languages
- Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Fa d'Ambo spoken in Annobon) 32.4% (1994 est.) major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Religions
- Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Age structure
- 0-14 years: 35.6% (male 330,636/female 309,528) 15-64 years: 59.4% (male 585,139/female 481,121) 65 years and over: 5% (2024 est.) (male 46,610/female 42,800)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 68.4 (2024 est.) youth dependency ratio: 60 (2024 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 8.4 (2024 est.) potential support ratio: 11.9 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Median age
- total: 22.3 years (2025 est.) male: 22.7 years female: 21.5 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Birth rate
- 28.55 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Death rate
- 8.81 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Net migration rate
- 11.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- the two large cities are Bata on the mainland and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko; small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands, as shown in this population distribution map
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 74.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Major urban areas - population
- 297,000 MALABO (capital) (2018)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.22 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.09 male(s)/female total population: 1.16 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maternal mortality ratio
- 174 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Infant mortality rate
- total: 76.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 83.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 71.3 deaths/1,000 live births
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 63.9 years (2024 est.) male: 61.6 years female: 66.2 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total fertility rate
- 4.05 children born/woman (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Health expenditure
- 3.4% of GDP (2021) 4.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Physician density
- 0.15 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Alcohol consumption per capita
- total: 6.11 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 3.83 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 1.24 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 0.99 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0.05 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment11 fields
- Environmental issues
- deforestation (agricultural expansion, fires, and grazing); desertification; water pollution; tap water non-potable; wildlife preservation
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International environmental agreements
- party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 3.7% (2023 est.) arable land: 1.9% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 1.7% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.) forest: 86.4% (2023 est.) other: 9.9% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 74.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Carbon dioxide emissions
- 5.471 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 1 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 896,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 4.575 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Particulate matter emissions
- 26.5 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Methane emissions
- energy: 129.8 kt (2022-2024 est.) agriculture: 0.4 kt (2019-2021 est.) waste: 10 kt (2019-2021 est.) other: 2.2 kt (2019-2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Waste and recycling
- municipal solid waste generated annually: 198,400 tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 23.9% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total water withdrawal
- municipal: 15.8 million cubic meters (2022 est.) industrial: 3 million cubic meters (2022 est.) agricultural: 1 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total renewable water resources
- 26 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government25 fields
- Country name
- conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial (Spanish)/ République de Guinée équatoriale (French) local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial (Spanish)/Guinée équatoriale (French) former: Spanish Guinea etymology: the country is named for the Guinea region of West Africa that lies along the Gulf of Guinea and stretches north to the Sahel; the "equatorial" refers to the fact that the country lies just north of the Equator
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Capital
- name: Malabo; note - Malabo is on the island of Bioko; some months of the year, the government operates out of Bata on the mainland region. geographic coordinates: 3 45 N, 8 47 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: English settlers who founded the city in 1827 named it Port Clarence after the Duke of CLARENCE; the Spanish renamed it Santa Isabel in 1843, for Queen ISABELLA II of Spain; it was renamed again in 1973 after King MALABO (1837–1937), the last king of the Bubi (local ethnic group)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Administrative divisions
- 8 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Djibloho, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legal system
- mixed system of civil and customary law
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Constitution
- history: previous 1968, 1973, 1982; approved by referendum 17 November 1991 amendment process: proposed by the president of the republic or supported by three fourths of the membership in either house of the National Assembly; passage requires three-fourths majority vote by both houses of the Assembly and approval in a referendum if requested by the president
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International law organization participation
- accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Citizenship
- citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Equatorial Guinea dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (since 3 August 1979) head of government: Prime Minister Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua (since 17 August 2024) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and overseen by the prime minister election/appointment process: president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president most recent election date: 20 November 2022 election results: 2022: OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 95%, other 6.1% 2016: OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 93.5%, other 6.5% expected date of next election: 2029
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch
- legislature name: Parliament (Parlamento) legislative structure: bicameral
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch - lower chamber
- chamber name: Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de los Diputados) number of seats: 100 (all directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 5 years most recent election date: 11/20/2022 parties elected and seats per party: Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDGE) and its allies (100) percentage of women in chamber: 31% expected date of next election: November 2027
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch - upper chamber
- chamber name: Senate (Senado) number of seats: 70 (55 directly elected; 15 appointed) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 5 years most recent election date: 11/20/2022 parties elected and seats per party: Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDGE) and its allies (55) percentage of women in chamber: 25% expected date of next election: November 2027
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Judicial branch
- highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the President of the Supreme Court and nine judges organized into civil, criminal, commercial, labor, administrative, and customary sections); Constitutional Court (consists of the court president and 4 members) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president for five-year terms; Constitutional Court members appointed by the president, 2 of whom are nominated by the Chamber of Deputies subordinate courts: Court of Guarantees; military courts; Courts of Appeal; first instance tribunals; district and county tribunals
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Political parties
- Center Right Union or UCD Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE Liberal Democratic Convention or CLD Liberal Party or PL National Congress of Equatorial Guinea (CNGE) National Democratic Party (PNDGE) National Democratic Union or UDENA National Union for Democracy PUNDGE Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE Popular Union or UP Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP Social and Popular Convergence Party or CSDP Social Democratic Coalition Party (PCSD) Social Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea or PSDGE Social Democratic Union or UDS Socialist Party of Equatorial Guinea
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation in the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Crisantos OBAMA ONDO (since 27 February 2024) chancery: 2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 518-5700 FAX: [1] (202) 518-5252 email address and website: info@egembassydc.com https://www.egembassydc.com/ consulate(s) general: Houston
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation from the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador David R. GILMOUR (since 24 May 2022) embassy: Malabo II Highway (between the Headquarters of Sonagas and the offices of the United Nations), Malabo mailing address: 2320 Malabo Place, Washington, DC 20521-2520 telephone: [240] 333 09-57-41 email address and website: Malaboconsular@state.gov https://gq.usembassy.gov/
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International organization participation
- ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, Francophonie, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National holiday
- Independence Day, 12 October (1968)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Flag
- description: three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red, with a blue isosceles triangle based on the left side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six six-pointed yellow stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield with a silk-cotton tree; below is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice) meaning: green stands for the jungle and natural resources, blue for the sea, white for peace, and red for the fight for independence
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National coat of arms
- the national symbol, the silk cotton tree, is in the center of the coat of arms; the tree represents the location where the first treaty was signed between local rulers and the Portuguese; the stars above the tree symbolize the mainland and the five offshore islands; a ribbon below the shield displays the national motto, “Unidad, Paz, Justicia” (Unity, Peace, Justice)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National anthem(s)
- title: "Caminemos pisando la senda" (Let Us Tread the Path) lyrics/music: Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO/Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO or Ramiro Sanchez LOPEZ (disputed) history: adopted 1968
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Economy28 fields
- Economic overview
- growing CEMAC economy and new OPEC member; large oil and gas reserves; targeting economic diversification and poverty reduction; still recovering from CEMAC crisis; improving public financial management; persistent poverty; hard-hit by COVID-19
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
- $29.248 billion (2024 est.) $28.985 billion (2023 est.) $30.539 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP growth rate
- 0.9% (2024 est.) -5.1% (2023 est.) 3.2% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP per capita
- $15,500 (2024 est.) $15,700 (2023 est.) $16,900 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $12.766 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Inflation rate (consumer prices)
- 4.8% (2022 est.) -0.1% (2021 est.) 4.8% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by sector of origin
- agriculture: 3.1% (2024 est.) industry: 45.8% (2024 est.) services: 51.1% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by end use
- household consumption: 52.9% (2024 est.) government consumption: 28.3% (2024 est.) investment in fixed capital: 9.1% (2024 est.) investment in inventories: -0.1% (2024 est.) exports of goods and services: 35.2% (2024 est.) imports of goods and services: -25.4% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Agricultural products
- sweet potatoes, cassava, plantains, oil palm fruit, root vegetables, bananas, coconuts, coffee, cocoa beans, chicken (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industrial production growth rate
- 0.8% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Labor force
- 715,000 (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Unemployment rate
- 7.9% (2024 est.) 8.4% (2023 est.) 8.5% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
- total: 14.7% (2024 est.) male: 13.9% (2024 est.) female: 15.7% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
- 38.5 (2022 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Household income or consumption by percentage share
- lowest 10%: 2.6% (2022 est.) highest 10%: 29.1% (2022 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Remittances
- 0% of GDP (2023 est.) 0% of GDP (2022 est.) 0% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Budget
- revenues: $3.62 billion (2022 est.) expenditures: $2.051 billion (2022 est.) note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Taxes and other revenues
- 6.6% (of GDP) (2022 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports
- $4.489 billion (2024 est.) $4.516 billion (2023 est.) $7.25 billion (2022 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - exports of goods and services in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - partners
- China 27%, Netherlands 12%, Spain 10%, Italy 7%, Germany 6% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - commodities
- crude petroleum, natural gas, alcohols, wood, scrap iron (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports
- $3.24 billion (2024 est.) $3.065 billion (2023 est.) $3.948 billion (2022 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - imports of goods and services in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - partners
- China 20%, Spain 17%, USA 10%, Gabon 5%, UK 5% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - commodities
- ships, poultry, plastic products, beer, valves (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
- $1.538 billion (2023 est.) $1.458 billion (2022 est.) $44.271 million (2021 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exchange rates
- Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar - 606.345 (2024 est.) 606.57 (2023 est.) 623.76 (2022 est.) 554.531 (2021 est.) 575.586 (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy7 fields
- Electricity access
- electrification - total population: 67% (2022 est.) electrification - urban areas: 89.8% electrification - rural areas: 1.4%
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Electricity
- installed generating capacity: 349,000 kW (2023 est.) consumption: 1.402 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 170.527 million kWh (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Electricity generation sources
- fossil fuels: 68.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 31.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Petroleum
- total petroleum production: 98,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 6,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 1.1 billion barrels (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Natural gas
- production: 6.013 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) consumption: 2.332 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) exports: 3.63 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) proven reserves: 139.007 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Energy consumption per capita
- 54.509 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Communications6 fields
- Telephones - fixed lines
- total subscriptions: 11,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2022 est.) less than 1
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Telephones - mobile cellular
- total subscriptions: 893,441 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 50 (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadcast media
- the state maintains control of broadcast media; 1 state-owned TV station, 1 private TV station owned by the president's eldest son, 1 state-owned radio station, and 1 private radio station owned by the president's eldest son; satellite TV service is available; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are generally accessible (2019)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Internet users
- percent of population: 60% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadband - fixed subscriptions
- total: 2,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2022 est.) less than 1
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation4 fields
- Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
- 3C
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Merchant marine
- total: 53 (2023) by type: bulk carrier 1, general cargo 16, oil tanker 7, other 29
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ports
- total ports: 7 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 1 very small: 6 ports with oil terminals: 6 key ports: Bata, Ceiba Terminal, Cogo, Luba, Malabo, Punta Europa Terminal, Serpentina Terminal
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security6 fields
- Military and security forces
- Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Guinea Ecuatorial, FAGE): Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil) (2025) note: the National Police report to the Ministry of National Security, while the Gendarmerie reports to the Ministry of National Defense; police generally are responsible for maintaining law and order in the cities, while gendarmes are responsible for security outside cities and for special events
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military expenditures
- 1% of GDP (2024) 1.6% of GDP (2023 est.) 1.3% of GDP (2022 est.) 1.3% of GDP (2021 est.) 1.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military and security service personnel strengths
- estimated 2,000 active Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
- the FAGE is armed with mostly older (typically Soviet-era) and secondhand weapons systems; in recent years, it has sought to modernize its naval inventory with purchases of vessels from several countries, including Bulgaria and Israel; China and Russia have also supplied some equipment to the FAGE (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military service age and obligation
- 18-25 for voluntary military service; selective compulsory military service for men; 24-month service obligation (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military - note
- the Armed Forces of Equatorial Guinea (FAGE) are responsible for defending the territory and sovereignty of the country; the FAGE also has some internal security duties, including fulfilling some police functions in border areas, sensitive sites, and high-traffic areas; maritime security, particularly protecting offshore oil installations and combating piracy and crime in the Gulf of Guinea, is a key priority (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transnational Issues1 fields
- Refugees and internally displaced persons
- refugees: 5 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
The underlying United States government material is public domain. The Almanac’s reuse terms do not change the legal status of this preserved source layer.