World · permanent entity record · FJ
Fiji
Thirty-second orientation
Fiji at a glance
- Capital
- Suva (on Viti Levu)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Fijian(s); adjective: Fijian
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Government
- parliamentary republic
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Languages
- English (official), iTaukei (official), Fiji Hindi (official)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history
Fiji through time
Admitted to the United Nations
Fiji became a member of the United Nations.
United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04
Source history · changed fields only
Changes since the final CIA profile
| Field | Maintained Almanac value | Final CIA profile |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 933,154World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025 | total: 951,611 (2024 est.) male: 482,304 female: 469,307CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-08 |
A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.
World Development Indicators · latest available observation
People, economy, and access
Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.
- Gross domestic product
- $6.2 billion
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Gross domestic product per person
- $6,642
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Life expectancy at birth
- 67.5 years
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Urban population
- 59.5%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Access to electricity
- 95.9%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- People using the internet
- 74.7%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.
Maintained profile
- Capital
- Suva (on Viti Levu)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
- Area
- 18,274 sq km
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
- Population
- 933,154
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Currency
- Fijian dollars (FJD)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
- Languages
- English (official), iTaukei (official), Fiji Hindi (official)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Fijian(s); adjective: Fijian
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
- Continent
- Oceania
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “Australia and Oceania.”
- Coastline
- 1,129 km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Climate
- tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Religions
- Protestant 45% (Methodist 34.6%, Assembly of God 5.7%, Seventh Day Adventist 3.9%, and Anglican 0.8%), Hindu 27.9%, other Christian 10.4%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other 0.3%, none 0.8% (2007 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Flag colors
- blue, yellow, white
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
- National symbol
- Fijian canoe
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Highest point
- Tomanivi · 4,344 ft (1,324 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Lowest point
- Pacific Ocean · 0 ft (0 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- NATO membership
- Not a member
- NATO, What is NATO? · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
- BRICS membership
- Not a member
- BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data
Final CIA World Factbook profile
This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b
Introduction1 fields
- Background
- Austronesians settled Fiji around 1000 B.C., followed by successive waves of Melanesians starting around the first century A.D. Fijians traded with Polynesian groups in Samoa and Tonga, and by about 900, much of Fiji was in the Tu’i Tongan Empire’s sphere of influence. The Tongan influence declined significantly by 1200, while Melanesian seafarers continued to periodically arrive in Fiji, further mixing Melanesian and Polynesian cultural traditions. The first European spotted Fiji in 1643 and by the 1800s, European merchants, missionaries, traders, and whalers frequented the islands. Rival kings and chiefs competed for power, at times aided by Europeans, and in 1865, Seru Epenisa CAKOBAU united many groups into the Confederacy of Independent Kingdoms of Viti. The arrangement proved weak, however, and in 1871 CAKOBAU formed the Kingdom of Fiji in an attempt to centralize power. Fearing a hostile takeover by a foreign power as the kingdom’s economy began to falter, CAKOBAU ceded Fiji to the UK in 1874. The first British governor set up a plantation-style economy and brought in more than 60,000 Indians as indentured laborers, most of whom chose to stay in Fiji rather than return to India when their contracts expired. In the early 1900s, society was divided along ethnic lines, with iTaukei (indigenous Fijians), Europeans, and Indo-Fijians living in separate areas and maintaining their own languages and traditions. ITaukei fears of an Indo-Fijian takeover of government delayed independence through the 1960s; Fiji achieved independence in 1970 with agreements to allocate parliamentary seats by ethnic groups. After two coups in 1987, a new constitution in 1990 cemented iTaukei control of politics, leading thousands of Indo-Fijians to leave. A reformed constitution in 1997 was more equitable and led to the election of an Indo-Fijian prime minister in 1999, who was ousted in a coup the following year. In 2005, the new prime minister put forward a bill that would grant pardons to the coup perpetrators, leading Josaia Voreqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA to launch a coup in 2006. BAINIMARAMA appointed himself prime minister in 2007 and retained the position after elections in 2014 and 2018 that international observers deemed credible. BAINIMARAMA's party lost control of the prime minister position after elections in 2022 with former opposition leader Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA winning the office by a narrow margin.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography17 fields
- Location
- Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area
- total : 18,274 sq km land: 18,274 sq km water: 0 sq km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area - comparative
- slightly smaller than New Jersey
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maritime claims
- territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation note: measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Elevation
- highest point: Tomanivi 1,324 m lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Natural resources
- timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 17.1% (2023 est.) arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.) forest: 61.7% (2023 est.) other: 21.2% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Natural hazards
- cyclonic storms can occur from November to January
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Geography - note
- consists of 332 islands, approximately 110 of which are inhabited, and more than 500 islets
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society34 fields
- Population
- total: 951,611 (2024 est.) male: 482,304 female: 469,307
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ethnic groups
- iTaukei 56.8% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indo-Fijian 37.5%, Rotuman 1.2%, other 4.5% (European, part European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese) (2007 est.) note: a 2010 law replaces 'Fijian' with 'iTaukei' when referring to the original and native settlers of Fiji
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Languages
- English (official), iTaukei (official), Fiji Hindi (official)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Religions
- Protestant 45% (Methodist 34.6%, Assembly of God 5.7%, Seventh Day Adventist 3.9%, and Anglican 0.8%), Hindu 27.9%, other Christian 10.4%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other 0.3%, none 0.8% (2007 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Age structure
- 0-14 years: 24.7% (male 119,910/female 114,904) 15-64 years: 66.4% (male 323,339/female 308,921) 65 years and over: 8.9% (2024 est.) (male 39,055/female 45,482)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 50.5 (2024 est.) youth dependency ratio: 37.1 (2024 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 13.4 (2024 est.) potential support ratio: 7.5 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Median age
- total: 32 years (2025 est.) male: 31.4 years female: 31.8 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Birth rate
- 15.63 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Death rate
- 6.58 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Net migration rate
- -5.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 58.7% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Major urban areas - population
- 178,000 SUVA (capital) (2018)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maternal mortality ratio
- 30 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Infant mortality rate
- total: 9.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 11.1 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.1 deaths/1,000 live births
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 74.8 years (2024 est.) male: 72.2 years female: 77.6 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total fertility rate
- 2.18 children born/woman (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Drinking water source
- urban: 98.7% of population (2022 est.) rural: 91.1% of population (2022 est.) total: 95.5% of population (2022 est.) urban: 1.3% of population (2022 est.) rural: 8.9% of population (2022 est.) total: 4.5% of population (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Health expenditure
- 5.4% of GDP (2021) 10.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Physician density
- 0.81 physicians/1,000 population (2015)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Hospital bed density
- 1.9 beds/1,000 population (2017 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sanitation facility access
- urban: 100% of population (2022 est.) rural: 100% of population (2022 est.) total: 100% of population (2022 est.) urban: 0% of population (2022 est.) rural: 0% of population (2022 est.) total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Alcohol consumption per capita
- total: 2.71 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 1.64 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 0.79 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Tobacco use
- total: 26.8% (2025 est.) male: 40.8% (2025 est.) female: 12.9% (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Children under the age of 5 years underweight
- 4.6% (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Currently married women (ages 15-49)
- 59.2% (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Child marriage
- women married by age 15: 0.2% (2021) women married by age 18: 4% (2021) men married by age 18: 1.7% (2021)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Education expenditure
- 4.2% of GDP (2023 est.) 13.8% national budget (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment10 fields
- Environmental issues
- air pollution from waste incineration and vehicle emissions; deforestation and soil erosion; soil erosion from clearing land by bush burning
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International environmental agreements
- party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 17.1% (2023 est.) arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.) forest: 61.7% (2023 est.) other: 21.2% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 58.7% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Carbon dioxide emissions
- 1.432 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 12 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 1.432 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Particulate matter emissions
- 8.1 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Waste and recycling
- municipal solid waste generated annually: 189,400 tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 16.1% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total water withdrawal
- municipal: 25.3 million cubic meters (2022 est.) industrial: 9.6 million cubic meters (2022 est.) agricultural: 50 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total renewable water resources
- 28.55 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government23 fields
- Country name
- conventional long form: Republic of Fiji conventional short form: Fiji local long form: Republic of Fiji (English)/ Matanitu ko Viti (Fijian) local short form: Fiji (English)/ Viti (Fijian) etymology: the Fijians called their home Viti, but the neighboring Tongans called it Fisi; in the Anglicized spelling of the Tongan pronunciation -- promulgated by explorer Captain James COOK -- the designation became Fiji
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Capital
- name: Suva (on Viti Levu) geographic coordinates: 18 08 S, 178 25 E time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: the name means "little hill" in the native Fijian language and may refer to a mound where a temple once stood
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Administrative divisions
- 14 provinces and 1 dependency*; Ba, Bua, Cakaudrove, Kadavu, Lau, Lomaiviti, Macuata, Nadroga and Navosa, Naitasiri, Namosi, Ra, Rewa, Rotuma*, Serua, Tailevu
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legal system
- common law system based on the English model
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Constitution
- history: several previous; latest signed into law 6 September 2013 amendment process: proposed as a bill by Parliament and supported by at least three quarters of its members, followed by referral to the president and then to the Electoral Commission, which conducts a referendum; passage requires approval by at least three-quarters of registered voters and assent by the president
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International law organization participation
- has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Citizenship
- citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Fiji dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: at least 5 years residency out of the 10 years preceding application
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU (since 12 November 2024) head of government: Prime Minister Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA (since 24 December 2022) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament election/appointment process: president elected by Parliament for a 3-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister endorsed by the president most recent election date: 31 October 2024 election results: 2024: Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU elected president (People's Alliance) 35 votes, Meli Tora TAVAIQIA (Fiji First) 14 votes 2021: Ratu Wiliame KATONIVERE elected president; Wiliame KATONIVERE (People's Alliance) 28 votes, Teimumu KEPA (SODELPA) 23 votes expected date of next election: 2027
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch
- legislature name: Parliament legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 55 (all directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 4 years most recent election date: 12/14/2022 parties elected and seats per party: FijiFirst (26); People's Alliance (21); National Federation Party (NFP) (5); Social Democratic Liberal Party (Soldelpa) (3) percentage of women in chamber: 9.1% expected date of next election: December 2026
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Judicial branch
- highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, all justices of the Court of Appeal, and judges appointed specifically as Supreme Court judges); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, all puisne judges of the High Court, and judges specifically appointed to the Court of Appeal); High Court (chaired by the chief justice and includes a minimum of 10 puisne judges; High Court organized into civil, criminal, family, employment, and tax divisions) judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges of the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, the justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court appointed by the president of Fiji on the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission after consulting with the cabinet minister and the House of Representatives committee responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges, and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70, but this requirement may be waived for one or more sessions of the court; puisne judges appointed for not less than 4 years or more than 7 years, with mandatory retirement at age 65 subordinate courts: Magistrates' Court (organized into civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims divisions)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Political parties
- Fiji First Fiji Labor Party or FLP Freedom Alliance (formerly Fiji United Freedom Party or FUFP) National Federation Party or NFP People's Alliance Peoples Democratic Party or PDP Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA Unity Fiji
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation in the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Ilisoni VUIDREKETI (since 17 June 2024) chancery: 1707 L Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (917) 208-4560 FAX: [1] (202) 466-8325 email address and website: info@FijiEmbassyDC.com https://www.fijiembassydc.com/
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation from the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Marie DAMOUR (since 24 November 2022); note - also accredited to Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu embassy: 158 Princes Road, Tamavua, Suva mailing address: 4290 Suva Place, Washington DC 20521-4290 telephone: [679] 331-4466 FAX: [679] 330-2267 email address and website: SuvaACS@state.gov https://fj.usembassy.gov/
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International organization participation
- ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National holiday
- Fiji (Independence) Day, 10 October (1970)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Flag
- description: light blue with the UK flag in the upper-left quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the right half of the flag; the shield shows a yellow lion holding a coconut above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George; the four quarters depict sugarcane, a palm tree, a banana bunch, and a white dove meaning: blue symbolizes the Pacific Ocean
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National anthem(s)
- title: "God Bless Fiji" (Let Us Show Pride) lyrics/music: Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT/C. Austin MILES (adapted by Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT) history: adopted 1970; known in Fijian as "Meda Dau Doka" (Let Us Show Pride); adapted from the hymn, "Dwelling in Beulah Land," the anthem's English lyrics are usually used, although they differ in meaning from the official Fijian lyrics
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National heritage
- total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Levuka Historical Port Town
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Economy31 fields
- Economic overview
- upper-middle income, tourism-based Pacific island economy; susceptible to ocean rises; key energy and infrastructure investments; post-pandemic tourism resurgence; improved debt standing; limited workforce
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
- $13.1 billion (2024 est.) $12.617 billion (2023 est.) $11.734 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP growth rate
- 3.8% (2024 est.) 7.5% (2023 est.) 19.8% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP per capita
- $14,100 (2024 est.) $13,700 (2023 est.) $12,800 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $5.841 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Inflation rate (consumer prices)
- 4.5% (2024 est.) 2.3% (2023 est.) 4.3% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by sector of origin
- agriculture: 8.4% (2024 est.) industry: 14.1% (2024 est.) services: 56.2% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by end use
- household consumption: 71.7% (2023 est.) government consumption: 20.8% (2023 est.) investment in fixed capital: 18.6% (2023 est.) investment in inventories: 1.2% (2023 est.) exports of goods and services: 57% (2023 est.) imports of goods and services: -69.2% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Agricultural products
- sugarcane, cassava, taro, vegetables, chicken, coconuts, eggs, ginger, milk, sweet potatoes (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industries
- tourism, sugar processing, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industrial production growth rate
- 7.3% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Labor force
- 387,800 (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Unemployment rate
- 4.4% (2024 est.) 4.4% (2023 est.) 4.5% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
- total: 15.5% (2024 est.) male: 11.8% (2024 est.) female: 22.5% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population below poverty line
- 24.1% (2019 est.) note: % of population with income below national poverty line
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
- 30.7 (2019 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Household income or consumption by percentage share
- lowest 10%: 3.5% (2019 est.) highest 10%: 24.2% (2019 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Remittances
- 9.2% of GDP (2023 est.) 9.2% of GDP (2022 est.) 9.1% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Budget
- revenues: $1.345 billion (2023 est.) expenditures: $1.562 billion (2023 est.) note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Taxes and other revenues
- 20.7% (of GDP) (2023 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Current account balance
- -$865.665 million (2022 est.) -$686.577 million (2021 est.) -$614.13 million (2020 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports
- $2.376 billion (2022 est.) $1.171 billion (2021 est.) $1.23 billion (2020 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - partners
- USA 32%, Australia 12%, Tonga 6%, NZ 6%, Samoa 4% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - commodities
- water, fish, raw sugar, refined petroleum, garments (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports
- $3.434 billion (2022 est.) $2.344 billion (2021 est.) $1.977 billion (2020 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - partners
- Singapore 25%, China 16%, Australia 15%, NZ 14%, USA 5% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - commodities
- refined petroleum, medical instruments, cars, broadcasting equipment, plastics (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
- $1.6 billion (2024 est.) $1.548 billion (2023 est.) $1.557 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Debt - external
- $1.397 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exchange rates
- Fijian dollars (FJD) per US dollar - 2.268 (2024 est.) 2.25 (2023 est.) 2.201 (2022 est.) 2.071 (2021 est.) 2.169 (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy6 fields
- Electricity access
- electrification - total population: 92% (2022 est.) electrification - urban areas: 97.6% electrification - rural areas: 86.8%
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Electricity
- installed generating capacity: 427,000 kW (2023 est.) consumption: 1.048 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 102.047 million kWh (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Electricity generation sources
- fossil fuels: 36.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 1.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) wind: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 52.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 10% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Coal
- consumption: 6 metric tons (2023 est.) imports: 2 metric tons (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Petroleum
- refined petroleum consumption: 10,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Energy consumption per capita
- 25.375 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Communications6 fields
- Telephones - fixed lines
- total subscriptions: 49,000 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Telephones - mobile cellular
- total subscriptions: 5.33 million (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 574 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadcast media
- Fiji TV, a publicly traded company, operates a free-to-air channel; Digicel Fiji operates the Sky Fiji and Sky Pacific multi-channel pay-TV services; state-owned commercial company, Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Ltd, operates 6 radio stations, including 2 public broadcasters and 4 commercial broadcasters with multiple repeaters; 5 radio stations with repeaters operated by Communications Fiji, Ltd; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Internet users
- percent of population: 79% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadband - fixed subscriptions
- total: 23,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation6 fields
- Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
- DQ
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Railways
- total: 597 km (2008) narrow gauge: 597 km (2008) 0.600-m gauge note: belongs to the government-owned Fiji Sugar Corporation; used to haul sugarcane during the harvest season, which runs from May to December
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Merchant marine
- total: 74 (2023) by type: general cargo 21, oil tanker 4, other 49
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ports
- total ports: 5 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 2 very small: 3 ports with oil terminals: 4 key ports: Lautoka Harbor, Levuka, Malai, Savusavu Bay, Suva Harbor
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security7 fields
- Military and security forces
- Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF): Land Force, Republic of Fiji Navy (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military expenditures
- 1.4% of GDP (2024 est.) 1.1% of GDP (2023 est.) 1.2% of GDP (2022 est.) 1.5% of GDP (2021 est.) 1.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military and security service personnel strengths
- approximately 4,000 active Republic of Fiji Military Forces (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
- the RFMF is lightly armed and equipped; Australia has provided patrol boats and a few armored personnel carriers; it also provides logistical support for RFMF regional or UN operations; in recent years, China and the US have provided small amounts of equipment (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military service age and obligation
- 18-25 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (2026)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military deployments
- 170 Egypt (MFO); 160 Iraq (UNAMI); 150 Golan Heights (UNDOF) (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military - note
- the Fiji Military Forces (RFMF) are responsible for external security but can be assigned some domestic security responsibilities in specific circumstances; the RFMF has a history of intervening in the country’s politics, and it continues to have significant political power; it also has a tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping operations, which have offered experience and a source of financial support; Fiji has sent troops on nearly 20 such missions since first deploying personnel to South Lebanon in 1978 Fiji has a "shiprider" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Fiji's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; "shiprider" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transnational Issues2 fields
- Refugees and internally displaced persons
- refugees: 25 (2024 est.) IDPs: 259 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Trafficking in persons
- tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List — the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts to eliminate trafficking compared with the previous reporting period, therefore Fiji remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the second consecutive year; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/fiji/
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
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