World · permanent entity record · GV

Guinea

Thirty-second orientation

Guinea at a glance

Capital: Conakry; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Population: 15,099,727; World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025
Area: 245,857 sq km; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Nationality / demonym: noun: Guinean(s); adjective: Guinean; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Government: presidential republic; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Languages: French (official), Pular, Maninka, Susu, other native languages; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04

Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history

Guinea through time

1958-12-12
Admitted to the United Nations
Guinea became a member of the United Nations.
United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04

Source history · changed fields only

Changes since the final CIA profile

Field	Maintained Almanac value	Final CIA profile
Population	15,099,727World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025	total: 14,374,590 (2025 est.) male: 7,179,661 female: 7,194,929CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-20

A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.

World Development Indicators · latest available observation

People, economy, and access

Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.

Gross domestic product: $28.3 billion; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Gross domestic product per person: $1,877; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Life expectancy at birth: 60.9 years; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Urban population: 38.5%; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Access to electricity: 53.8%; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
People using the internet: 33.3%; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 2026-09-08.

World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.

Maintained profile

Capital: Conakry; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
Area: 245,857 sq km; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
Population: 15,099,727; World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Currency: Guinean francs (GNF); CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
Languages: French (official), Pular, Maninka, Susu, other native languages; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
Nationality / demonym: noun: Guinean(s); adjective: Guinean; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
Government: presidential republic; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
UN membership: 1958-12-12; United Nations, Member States · as of 2026-09-04
Continent: Africa; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-20Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “Africa.”
Coastline: 320 km; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-20Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Climate: generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-20Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Religions: Muslim 85.2%, Christian 13.4%, animist 0.2%, none 1.2% (2018 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-20Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Flag colors: red, yellow, green; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-20Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
National symbol: elephant; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-20Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Highest point: Mont Nimba · 5,748 ft (1,752 m); CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-20Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Lowest point: Atlantic Ocean · 0 ft (0 m); CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-20Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
NATO membership: Not a member; NATO, What is NATO? · as of 2026-09-06Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
BRICS membership: Not a member; BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · as of 2026-09-06Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.

Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data

Final CIA World Factbook profile

This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.

CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated 2026-01-20 · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b

Introduction1 fields

Background: Guinea's deep Muslim heritage arrived via the neighboring Almoravid Empire in the 11th century. Following Almoravid decline, Guinea existed on the fringe of several African kingdoms, all competing for regional dominance. In the 13th century, the Mali Empire took control of Guinea and encouraged its already growing Muslim faith. After the fall of the West African empires, various smaller kingdoms controlled Guinea. In the 18th century, Fulani Muslims established an Islamic state in central Guinea that provided one of the earliest examples of a written constitution and alternating leadership. European traders first arrived in the 16th century, and the French secured colonial rule in the 19th century. In 1958, Guinea achieved independence from France. Sekou TOURE became Guinea’s first post-independence president; he established a dictatorial regime and ruled until his death in 1984, after which General Lansana CONTE staged a coup and seized the government. He too established an authoritarian regime and manipulated presidential elections until his death in 2008, when Captain Moussa Dadis CAMARA led a military coup, seized power, and suspended the constitution. In 2009, CAMARA was wounded in an assassination attempt and was exiled to Burkina Faso. In 2010 and 2013 respectively, the country held its first free and fair presidential and legislative elections. Alpha CONDE won the 2010 and 2015 presidential elections, and his first cabinet was the first all-civilian government in Guinean history. CONDE won a third term in 2020 after a constitutional change to term limits. In 2021, Col Mamady DOUMBOUYA led another successful military coup, establishing the National Committee for Reconciliation and Development (CNRD), suspending the constitution, and dissolving the government and the legislature. DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transition president and appointed Mohamed BEAVOGUI as transition prime minister. The National Transition Council (CNT), which acts as the legislative body for the transition, was formed in 2022 and consists of appointed members representing a broad swath of Guinean society.; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Geography19 fields

Location: Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Geographic coordinates: 11 00 N, 10 00 W; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Map references: Africa; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Area: total : 245,857 sq km land: 245,717 sq km water: 140 sq km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Oregon; slightly larger than twice the size of Pennsylvania; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Land boundaries: total: 4,046 km border countries (6): Cote d'Ivoire 816 km; Guinea-Bissau 421 km; Liberia 590 km; Mali 1062 km; Senegal 363 km; Sierra Leone 794 km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Coastline: 320 km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Climate: generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Terrain: generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Elevation: highest point: Mont Nimba 1,752 m lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m mean elevation: 472 m; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Natural resources: bauxite, iron ore, diamonds, gold, uranium, hydropower, fish, salt; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Land use: agricultural land: 73.2% (2023 est.) arable land: 24.4% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 5.3% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 43.5% (2023 est.) forest: 20.3% (2023 est.) other: 6.5% (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Irrigated land: 949 sq km (2017); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Major rivers (by length in km): Niger river source (shared with Mali, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Gambie (Gambia) river source (shared with Senegal and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Major watersheds (area sq km): Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Senegal (456,397 sq km); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Population distribution: areas of highest density are in the west and south; interior is sparsely populated, as shown in this population distribution map; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Natural hazards: hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Geography - note: the Niger and its important tributary, the Milo River, have their sources in the Guinean highlands; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

People and Society34 fields

Population: total: 14,374,590 (2025 est.) male: 7,179,661 female: 7,194,929; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Nationality: noun: Guinean(s) adjective: Guinean; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Ethnic groups: Fulani (Peuhl) 33.4%, Malinke 29.4%, Susu 21.2%, Guerze 7.8%, Kissi 6.2%, Toma 1.6%, other/foreign 0.4% (2018 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Languages: French (official), Pular, Maninka, Susu, other native languages note: about 40 languages are spoken; each ethnic group has its own language; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Religions: Muslim 85.2%, Christian 13.4%, animist 0.2%, none 1.2% (2018 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Age structure: 0-14 years: 40.9% (male 2,884,146/female 2,835,794) 15-64 years: 55.1% (male 3,846,852/female 3,856,366) 65 years and over: 4% (2024 est.) (male 254,608/female 308,413); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 81.5 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 74.1 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 7.4 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 13.6 (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Median age: total: 19.5 years (2025 est.) male: 19.2 years female: 19.6 years; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Population growth rate: 2.74% (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Birth rate: 35.04 births/1,000 population (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Death rate: 7.69 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Population distribution: areas of highest density are in the west and south; interior is sparsely populated, as shown in this population distribution map; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Urbanization: urban population: 38.1% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.64% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Major urban areas - population: 2.111 million CONAKRY (capital) (2023); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2024 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Mother's mean age at first birth: 19.9 years (2018 est.) note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Maternal mortality ratio: 494 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Infant mortality rate: total: 45.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 51.6 deaths/1,000 live births female: 42.3 deaths/1,000 live births; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 64.6 years (2024 est.) male: 62.7 years female: 66.6 years; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Total fertility rate: 4.75 children born/woman (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Gross reproduction rate: 2.34 (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Drinking water source: urban: 92% of population (2022 est.) rural: 59% of population (2022 est.) total: 71.5% of population (2022 est.) urban: 8% of population (2022 est.) rural: 41% of population (2022 est.) total: 28.5% of population (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Health expenditure: 3.8% of GDP (2021) 5% of national budget (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Physician density: 0.21 physicians/1,000 population (2022); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Sanitation facility access: urban: 95.6% of population (2022 est.) rural: 39.4% of population (2022 est.) total: 60.6% of population (2022 est.) urban: 4.4% of population (2022 est.) rural: 60.6% of population (2022 est.) total: 39.4% of population (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 7.7% (2016); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Alcohol consumption per capita: total: 0.33 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 15% (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Currently married women (ages 15-49): 70.9% (2018 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Child marriage: women married by age 15: 17% (2018) women married by age 18: 46.5% (2018) men married by age 18: 1.9% (2018); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Education expenditure: 1.7% of GDP (2023 est.) 9.2% national budget (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Literacy: total population: 39.6% (2018 est.) male: 54.4% (2018 est.) female: 27.7% (2018 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 9 years (2021 est.) male: 9 years (2021 est.) female: 8 years (2021 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Environment10 fields

Environmental issues: deforestation; inadequate potable water; desertification; soil contamination and erosion; overfishing, overpopulation in forest region; poor mining practices; water pollution; improper waste disposal; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
International environmental agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Climate: generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Land use: agricultural land: 73.2% (2023 est.) arable land: 24.4% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 5.3% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 43.5% (2023 est.) forest: 20.3% (2023 est.) other: 6.5% (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Urbanization: urban population: 38.1% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.64% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Carbon dioxide emissions: 4.505 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 1,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 4.504 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Particulate matter emissions: 34.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 596,900 tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 23.9% (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Total water withdrawal: municipal: 230 million cubic meters (2022 est.) industrial: 60 million cubic meters (2022 est.) agricultural: 600 million cubic meters (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Total renewable water resources: 226 billion cubic meters (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Government23 fields

Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Guinea conventional short form: Guinea local long form: République de Guinée local short form: Guinée former: French Guinea etymology: the country is named after the Guinea region of West Africa that lies along the Gulf of Guinea, but the name itself derives from the Tuareg word aginaw, meaning "black people"; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Government type: presidential republic; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Capital: name: Conakry geographic coordinates: 9 30 N, 13 42 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: the name derives from konakri, a Susu word meaning "over the water" and referring to the city's location on a peninsula; it was originally the name of a local village; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Administrative divisions: 7 administrative regions (régions administratives, singular - région administrative) and 1 governorate (gouvenorat)*; Boke, Conakry*, Faranah, Kankan, Kindia, Labe, Mamou, N'Zerekore; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Legal system: civil law system based on the French model; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Constitution: history: previous 1958, 1990; 2010 and a referendum in 2020, which was suspended on 5 September 2021 via a coup d'état; on 27 September, the Transitional Charter was released, which supersedes the constitution until a new constitution is promulgated; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Guinea dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: na; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Executive branch: chief of state: President Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA (since 17 January 2026) head of government: Prime Minister Amadou Oury BAH (since 27 February 2024) cabinet: formerly the Council of Ministers appointed by the president election/appointment process: the president is directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 7-year single term, and the prime minister is appointed by the president most recent election date: 28 December 2025 election results: 2025: Mamady DOUMBOUYA elected president in the first round; percent of vote -Mamady DOUMBOUYA (Independent) 86.7%, Abdoulaye Yero BALDE (DFG) 6.5%, other 7% 2020: Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 59.5%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 33.5%, other 7% note 1: in 2021, the military arrested and detained the president, suspended the constitution, and dissolved the government and legislature note 2: the transitional government has not announced a new election timetable note 3: new constitution approved in 2025 with presidential term changed to a single seven-year term note 4: elections held 28 December 2025, transitional president wins and is sworn in 17 January 2026; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Legislative branch: legislature name: Transitional National Council (Conseil national de transition) legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 81 (all appointed) electoral system: mixed system scope of elections: full renewal most recent election date: 1/22/2022 percentage of women in chamber: 29.6% expected date of next election: December 2025 note: on 5 September 2021, Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup in which President CONDE was arrested and detained, the constitution suspended, and the government and People's National Assembly dissolved; in January 2022, an 81-member Transitional National Council was installed; in February 2024, Guinea's military leaders dissolved the government; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Judicial branch: highest court(s): Supreme Court or Cour Suprême (organized into Administrative Chamber and Civil, Penal, and Social Chamber; court consists of the first president, 2 chamber presidents, 10 councilors, the solicitor general, and NA deputies); Constitutional Court - suspended on 5 September 2021 judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court first president appointed by the national president after consultation with the National Assembly; other members appointed by presidential decree; members serve 9-year terms until age 65 subordinate courts: Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; High Court of Justice or Cour d'Assises; Court of Account (Court of Auditors); Courts of First Instance (Tribunal de Première Instance); labor court; military tribunal; justices of the peace; specialized courts; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Political parties: African Congress for Democracy and Renewal or CADRE Alliance for National Renewal or ARN Alliance for National Renewal or ARENA Bloc Liberal or BL Citizen Generation or GECI Citizen Party for the Defense of Collective Interests or PCDIC Democratic Alliance for Renewal or ADR Democratic National Movement or MND Democratic Union for Renewal and Progress or UDRP Democratic Union of Guinea or UDG Democratic People's Movement of Guinea or MPDG Democratic Workers' Party of Guinea or PDTG Front for the National Alliance or FAN Generation for Reconciliation Union and Prosperity or GRUP Guinea for Democracy and Balance or GDE Guinean Party for Peaceful Coexistence and Development or PGCD Guinean Party for Solidarity and Democracy or PGSD Guinean Union for Democracy and Development or UGDD Guinean Rally for Development or RGD Guinean Rally for Unity and Development or RGUD Guinean Renaissance Party or PGR Modern Guinea Movement for Solidarity and Development or MSD National Committee for Reconciliation and Development National Front for Development or FND National Union for Prosperity or UNP National Party for Hope and Development or PEDN New Democratic Forces or NFD New Generation for the Republic or NGR New Guinea or NG New Political Generation or NGP Party for Progress and Change or PPC Party of Citizen Action through Labor or PACT Party of Democrats for Hope or PADES Party of Freedom and Progress or PLP Party of Hope for National Development or PEDN Rally for Renaissance and Development or RRD Rally for the Guinean People or RPG Rally for the Integrated Development of Guinea or RDIG Rally for the Republic or RPR Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea or UFDG Union for Progress and Renewal or UPR Union for the Defense of Republican Interests or UDIR Union for the Progress of Guinea or UPG Union of Democratic Forces or UFD a or UFDG Union of Democrats for the Renaissance of Guinea or UDRG Union of Republican Forces or UFR Unity and Progress Party or PUP; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Fatoumata KABA (since 19 April 2023) chancery: 2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 986-4300 FAX: [1] (202) 986-3800 email address and website: http://guineaembassyusa.org/en/welcome-to-the-embassy-of-guinea-washington-usa/ consulate(s): Los Angelos; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Mary E. DASCHBACH (since 15 July 2025) embassy: Transversale No. 2, Centre Administratif de Koloma, Commune de Ratoma, Conakry mailing address: 2110 Conakry Place, Washington DC 20521-2110 telephone: [224] 65-10-40-00 FAX: [224] 65-10-42-97 email address and website: ConakryACS@state.gov https://gn.usembassy.gov/; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
International organization participation: ACP, AfDB, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Independence: 2 October 1958 (from France); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National holiday: Independence Day, 2 October (1958); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Flag: description: three equal vertical bands of red (left side), yellow, and green meaning: red stands for the people's sacrifice for liberation and work; yellow for the sun, the riches of the earth, and justice; green for the country's vegetation and unity history: uses the colors of the Pan-African movement note: the colors from left to right are the reverse of those on the flags of neighboring Mali and Senegal; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National symbol(s): elephant; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National color(s): red, yellow, green; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National anthem(s): title: "Liberté" (Liberty) lyrics/music: unknown/Fodeba KEITA history: adopted 1958; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 1 (natural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Economy30 fields

Economic overview: growing but primarily agrarian West African economy; major mining sector; improving fiscal and debt balances prior to COVID-19; economy increasingly vulnerable to climate change; slow infrastructure improvements; gender wealth and human capital gaps; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $59.439 billion (2024 est.) $56.251 billion (2023 est.) $53.297 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Real GDP growth rate: 5.7% (2024 est.) 5.5% (2023 est.) 4% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Real GDP per capita: $4,000 (2024 est.) $3,900 (2023 est.) $3,800 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
GDP (official exchange rate): $25.334 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 8.1% (2024 est.) 7.8% (2023 est.) 10.5% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 29.6% (2024 est.) industry: 25.3% (2024 est.) services: 37.5% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 67.4% (2024 est.) government consumption: 13.4% (2024 est.) investment in fixed capital: 32.1% (2024 est.) investment in inventories: -0.9% (2024 est.) exports of goods and services: 44% (2024 est.) imports of goods and services: -56.1% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Agricultural products: rice, cassava, maize, groundnuts, oil palm fruit, plantains, potatoes, fonio, yams, sweet potatoes (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Industries: bauxite, gold, diamonds, iron ore; light manufacturing, agricultural processing; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Industrial production growth rate: 7.1% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Labor force: 4.534 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Unemployment rate: 5.3% (2024 est.) 5.3% (2023 est.) 5.3% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total: 7.1% (2024 est.) male: 6.2% (2024 est.) female: 8% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Population below poverty line: 43.7% (2018 est.) note: % of population with income below national poverty line; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income: 29.6 (2018 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 3.5% (2018 est.) highest 10%: 23.1% (2018 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Remittances: 2.2% of GDP (2023 est.) 2.6% of GDP (2022 est.) 2% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Budget: revenues: $1.949 billion (2019 est.) expenditures: $2.014 billion (2019 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Public debt: 41.8% of GDP (2016 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Current account balance: $2.288 billion (2023 est.) $3.35 billion (2022 est.) $4.639 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Exports: $12.008 billion (2023 est.) $8.898 billion (2022 est.) $10.266 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Exports - partners: UAE 50%, China 36%, India 8%, Switzerland 1%, Spain 1% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Exports - commodities: gold, aluminum ore, cocoa beans, crude petroleum, coconuts/brazil nuts/cashews (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Imports: $8.365 billion (2023 est.) $5.749 billion (2022 est.) $5.353 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Imports - partners: China 39%, India 9%, Netherlands 7%, Belgium 6%, UAE 4% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Imports - commodities: refined petroleum, rice, garments, construction vehicles, cars (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $1.887 billion (2023 est.) $2.11 billion (2022 est.) $2.183 billion (2021 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Debt - external: $3.764 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Exchange rates: Guinean francs (GNF) per US dollar - 9,565.082 (2020 est.) 9,183.876 (2019 est.) 9,011.134 (2018 est.) 9,088.319 (2017 est.) 8,967.927 (2016 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Energy6 fields

Electricity access: electrification - total population: 47.7% (2022 est.) electrification - urban areas: 91% electrification - rural areas: 21.3%; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Electricity: installed generating capacity: 1.06 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 3.624 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 424.356 million kWh (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels: 25.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 74.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Coal: imports: 400 metric tons (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Petroleum: refined petroleum consumption: 32,000 bbl/day (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Energy consumption per capita: 5.235 million Btu/person (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Communications6 fields

Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions: 0 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2022 est.) less than 1; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions: 15.3 million (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 109 (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Broadcast media: government maintains control over broadcast media; single state-run TV station; state-run radio also operates several stations in rural areas; a dozen private TV stations; many privately owned radio stations, nearly all in Conakry, and about a dozen community radio stations; foreign TV programming available via satellite and cable subscription services (2022); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Internet country code: .gn; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Internet users: percent of population: 27% (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total: 1,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2022 est.) less than 1; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Transportation6 fields

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: 3X; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Airports: 16 (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Heliports: 1 (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Railways: total: 1,086 km (2017) standard gauge: 279 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 807 km (2017) 1.000-m gauge; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Merchant marine: total: 2 (2023) by type: other 2; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Ports: total ports: 4 (2024) large: 0 medium: 1 small: 0 very small: 3 ports with oil terminals: 2 key ports: Benti, Conakry, Kamsar, Victoria; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Military and Security6 fields

Military and security forces: Guinean (or National) Armed Forces (Forces Armées Guinéennes): Army, Air Force, Navy, National Gendarmerie Ministry of Security: National Police (2025) note: the Gendarmerie and National Police share responsibility for internal security; Guinea's military and security forces are sometimes collectively referred to as the Defense and Security Forces; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Military expenditures: 2.1% of GDP (2024 est.) 2.1% of GDP (2023 est.) 1.8% of GDP (2022 est.) 1.5% of GDP (2021 est.) 1.4% of GDP (2020 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Military and security service personnel strengths: estimated 10-12,000 active Armed Forces (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions: the Guinean military's inventory consists almost entirely of ageing Soviet-era weapons and equipment along with small amounts of secondhand arms from China, France, Russia, and South Africa (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for voluntary and selective conscripted service; 9-12 months of service (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Military - note: the Guinean military is responsible for territorial defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities and has historically been involved in suppressing public protests; in 2021 the Army’s special forces led a military overthrow of the government; the military-led government has since been accused of cracking down on dissent, the media, and political opposition; border security is a key focus for the Guinean military, particularly a territorial dispute with Sierra Leone that dates back to 2001 (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Transnational Issues1 fields

Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees: 2,343 (2024 est.) IDPs: 5,160 (2024 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

The underlying United States government material is public domain. The Almanac’s reuse terms do not change the legal status of this preserved source layer.

Guinea at a glance

Guinea through time

Admitted to the United Nations

Changes since the final CIA profile

People, economy, and access

Maintained profile