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Isle of Man

Thirty-second orientation

Isle of Man at a glance

Capital: name: Douglas geographic coordinates: 54 09 N, 4 29 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: the name comes from the Gaelic name Dubhghlais, or "black stream," referring to a nearby river; a second river was called Fionnghlais, or "white stream;" both river names were later shortened to Dhoo and Glass, respectively, which coincidentally comprised the elements of the town's name; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20
Population: total: 92,666 (2025 est.) male: 46,543 female: 46,123; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20
Area: total : 572 sq km land: 572 sq km water: 0 sq km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20
Nationality / demonym: noun: Manxman (men), Manxwoman (women) adjective: Manx; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20
Government: parliamentary democracy (Tynwald); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20
Languages: English, Manx Gaelic (about 2% of the population has some knowledge); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20

Claims are attributed · classifications are dated

Claims and contested status

Maintained classification

Dependency or area of special sovereignty

British Crown Dependency

U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty · as of 2026-03-31

A claim’s appearance records that the cited source reports it. It does not constitute an Almanac ruling on sovereignty.

Maintained profile

Classification: Dependency or area of special sovereignty; U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty · as of 2026-03-31Federal classification and wording follow the current State Department register.
Sovereignty or administration: British Crown Dependency; U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty · as of 2026-03-31
Administrative center: Douglas; U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty · as of 2026-03-31

Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data

Final CIA World Factbook profile

This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.

CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated 2026-01-20 · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b

Introduction1 fields

Background: The Isle of Man was part of the Norwegian Kingdom of the Hebrides until the 13th century, when it was ceded to Scotland. The isle came under English lordship in the 14th century before being purchased by the British Government in 1765. Current concerns include reviving the almost extinct Manx Gaelic language. The Isle of Man is a British Crown dependency, which makes it a self-governing possession of the British Crown that is not part of the UK. The UK Government, however, remains constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation.; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Geography17 fields

Location: Western Europe, island in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Geographic coordinates: 54 15 N, 4 30 W; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Map references: Europe; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Area: total : 572 sq km land: 572 sq km water: 0 sq km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Area - comparative: slightly more than three times the size of Washington, D.C.; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Land boundaries: total: 0 km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Coastline: 160 km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Climate: temperate; cool summers and mild winters; overcast about a third of the time; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Terrain: hills in north and south bisected by central valley; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Elevation: highest point: Snaefell 621 m lowest point: Irish Sea 0 m; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Natural resources: none; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Land use: agricultural land: 69.1% (2023 est.) arable land: 41.1% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.) permanent pasture: 28% (2023 est.) forest: 6.4% (2023 est.) other: 24.5% (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Irrigated land: 0 sq km (2022); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Population distribution: most people concentrated in cities and large towns; Douglas, in the southeast, is the largest; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Natural hazards: occasional high winds and rough seas; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Geography - note: one small islet, the Calf of Man, lies to the southwest and is a bird sanctuary; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

People and Society22 fields

Population: total: 92,666 (2025 est.) male: 46,543 female: 46,123; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Nationality: noun: Manxman (men), Manxwoman (women) adjective: Manx; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Ethnic groups: White 94.7%, Asian 3.1%, Mixed 1%, Black 0.6%, other 0.4% (2021 est.) note: data represent population by nationality; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Languages: English, Manx Gaelic (about 2% of the population has some knowledge); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Religions: Christian 54.7%, Muslim 0.5%, Buddhist 0.5%, Hindu 0.4%, Jewish 0.2%, none 43.8% (2021 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Age structure: 0-14 years: 16% (male 7,701/female 7,100) 15-64 years: 61.9% (male 29,035/female 28,044) 65 years and over: 22.1% (2024 est.) (male 9,595/female 10,794); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 62.4 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 25.9 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 36.5 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 2.7 (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Median age: total: 45.1 years (2025 est.) male: 43.7 years female: 46.1 years; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Population growth rate: 0.41% (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Birth rate: 10.25 births/1,000 population (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Death rate: 10.2 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Net migration rate: 4.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Population distribution: most people concentrated in cities and large towns; Douglas, in the southeast, is the largest; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Urbanization: urban population: 53.5% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.97% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Major urban areas - population: 27,000 DOUGLAS (capital) (2018); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2024 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Infant mortality rate: total: 4 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 4.4 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 82.5 years (2024 est.) male: 80.7 years female: 84.4 years; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Total fertility rate: 1.87 children born/woman (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Gross reproduction rate: 0.9 (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Drinking water source: total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.) total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Sanitation facility access: total: 100% of population (2022 est.) urban: NA rural: NA total: 0% of population (2022 est.) NA; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Environment5 fields

Environmental issues: air pollution, marine pollution; waste disposal (both household and industrial); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Climate: temperate; cool summers and mild winters; overcast about a third of the time; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Land use: agricultural land: 69.1% (2023 est.) arable land: 41.1% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.) permanent pasture: 28% (2023 est.) forest: 6.4% (2023 est.) other: 24.5% (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Urbanization: urban population: 53.5% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.97% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 50,600 tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 50% (2011 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Government25 fields

Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Isle of Man local long form: Ellan Vannin abbreviation: I.O.M. etymology: the name "man" may be derived from the Gaelic word for "mountain;" the local name is from the words ellan, or "island," and Vannin, a form of the name Mannan; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Government type: parliamentary democracy (Tynwald); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Dependency status: British crown dependency; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Capital: name: Douglas geographic coordinates: 54 09 N, 4 29 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: the name comes from the Gaelic name Dubhghlais, or "black stream," referring to a nearby river; a second river was called Fionnghlais, or "white stream;" both river names were later shortened to Dhoo and Glass, respectively, which coincidentally comprised the elements of the town's name; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Administrative divisions: no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 24 local authorities each hold elections; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Legal system: UK laws apply, as well as Manx statutes; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Constitution: history: development of the Isle of Man constitution dates to at least the 14th century amendment process: proposed as a bill in the House of Keys, by the "Government," by a "Member of the House," or through petition to the House or Legislative Council; passage normally requires three separate readings and approval of at least 13 House members; following both House and Council agreement, assent is required by the lieutenant governor on behalf of the Crown; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Citizenship: see United Kingdom; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Suffrage: 16 years of age; universal; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Executive branch: chief of state: Lord of Mann King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Lieutenant Governor Sir John LORIMER (since 29 September 2021) head of government: Chief Minister Alfred CANNAN (since 12 October 2021) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the lieutenant governor election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; lieutenant governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister indirectly elected by the Tynwald for a 5-year term (eligible for second term) most recent election date: 23 September 2021 election results: 2021: Alfred CANNAN (independent) elected chief minister; Tynwald House of Keys vote - 21 of 24 2016: Howard QUAYLE elected chief minister; Tynwald House of Keys vote - 21 of 33 expected date of next election: 2026; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Legislative branch: legislature name: Tynwald (High Court of Tynwald) legislative structure: bicameral note: Legislative Council includes the President of Tynwald, 2 non-voting members (the Lord Bishop of Sodor and Man and the attorney general), and 8 members indirectly elected by the House of Keys; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Legislative branch - lower chamber: chamber name: House of Keys number of seats: 24 (directly elected) electoral system: plurality/majority scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 5 years most recent election date: 9/23/2021 parties elected and seats per party: independent (21); Manx Labour Party (2); Liberal Vannin (1) percentage of women in chamber: 40% expected date of next election: September 2026; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Legislative branch - upper chamber: chamber name: Legislative Council number of seats: 11 (3 appointed, 8 indirectly elected) scope of elections: partial renewal term in office: 4 years most recent election date: 3/14/2023 percentage of women in chamber: 36.4% expected date of next election: March 2028; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Judicial branch: highest court(s): Isle of Man High Court of Justice (consists of 3 permanent judges or "deemsters" and 1 judge of appeal; organized into the Staff of Government Division or Court of Appeal and the Civil Division); the Court of General Gaol Delivery (not formally part of the High Court but is administered as such) deals with serious criminal cases judge selection and term of office: deemsters appointed by the Lord Chancellor of England on the nomination of the lieutenant governor; deemsters can serve until age 70 subordinate courts: High Court; Court of Summary Gaol Delivery; Summary Courts; Magistrate's Court; specialized courts note: appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are referred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Political parties: Green Party Liberal Vannin Party or LVP Manx Labor Party note: most members sit as independents; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Diplomatic representation in the US: none (British crown dependency); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy: none (British crown dependency); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
International organization participation: UPU; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Independence: none (British Crown dependency); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National holiday: Tynwald Day, 5 July (1417); date Tynwald Day was first recorded; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Flag: description: red with the Three Legs of Man emblem (triskelion) in the center; the three legs are joined at the thigh and bent at the knee; a two-sided emblem is used to allow the toes to point clockwise on both sides of the flag history: the flag is based on the coat of arms of the last recognized Norse King of Mann, MAGNUS III (r. 1252-65); the triskelion has its roots in an early Celtic sun symbol; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National symbol(s): triskelion (a motif of three legs); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National color(s): red, white; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National coat of arms: Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom granted the Isle of Man’s coat of arms on July 12, 1996; the triskelion (three conjoined legs) on the shield represents resilience, resourcefulness, and hope; the Latin motto means “Wherever you throw it, it will stand,” a reference to the islanders’ ability to stand strong; the peregrine falcon represents the two falcons that the Isle of Man has paid to the UK monarch on Coronation Day since 1406, and the raven symbolizes the island’s former status as a Viking colony; the crown represents the UK monarch’s status as the Lord of Mann, although the island is self-governing; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
National anthem(s): title: "Arrane Ashoonagh dy Vannin" (Isle of Man National Anthem) lyrics/music: William Henry GILL [English], John J. KNEEN [Manx]/traditional history: adopted 2003; serves as a local anthem _____ title: "God Save the King" lyrics/music: unknown history: official anthem, as a British Crown dependency; played when the sovereign, members of the royal family, or the lieutenant governor are present; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Economy12 fields

Economic overview: high-income British island economy; known financial services and tourism industries; taxation incentives for technology and financial firms to operate; historic fishing and agriculture industries are declining; major online gambling and film industry locale; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Real GDP growth rate: -4.2% (2022 est.) 3.8% (2021 est.) -8.8% (2020 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
GDP (official exchange rate): $7.431 billion (2022 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 0.4% (2022 est.) industry: 6.9% (2022 est.) services: 95.1% (2022 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Agricultural products: cereals, vegetables; cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Industries: financial services, light manufacturing, tourism; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Industrial production growth rate: -29.5% (2022 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Exports - partners: almost entirely United Kingdom (2022); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Exports - commodities: crude petroleum, artwork, vegetables, fruits, whiskies (2022) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Imports - partners: almost entirely United Kingdom (2022); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Imports - commodities: ships, delivery trucks (2022); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Exchange rates: Manx pounds (IMP) per US dollar - 0.782 (2024 est.) 0.805 (2023 est.) 0.811 (2022 est.) 0.727 (2021 est.) 0.78 (2020 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Energy1 fields

Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Communications2 fields

Broadcast media: national public radio has 3 FM stations and 1 AM station; 2 commercial radio broadcasters; receives radio and TV services via relays from British TV and radio broadcasters; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Internet country code: .im; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Transportation6 fields

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: M; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Airports: 4 (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Heliports: 1 (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Railways: total: 63 km (2008) narrow gauge: 6 km (2008) 1.076-m gauge (6 km electrified) 57 0.914-mm gauge (29 km electrified) note: primarily summer tourist attractions; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Merchant marine: total: 269 (2023) by type: bulk carrier 102, container ship 6, general cargo 27, oil tanker 56, other 78; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source
Ports: total ports: 2 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 2 very small: 0 ports with oil terminals: 1 key ports: Douglas, Ramsey; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

Military and Security1 fields

Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the UK; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-20 · source

The underlying United States government material is public domain. The Almanac’s reuse terms do not change the legal status of this preserved source layer.