World · permanent entity record · JE
Jersey
Thirty-second orientation
Jersey at a glance
- Capital
- name: Saint Helier geographic coordinates: 49 11 N, 2 06 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: named after Saint HELIER, the patron saint of Jersey, who was reputedly martyred on the island in A.D. 555
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-18
- Population
- total: 103,944 (2025 est.) male: 51,317 female: 52,627
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-18
- Area
- total : 116 sq km land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-18
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Channel Islander(s) adjective: Channel Islander
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-18
- Government
- parliamentary democracy (Assembly of the States of Jersey)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-18
- Languages
- English (official) 94.5%, Portuguese 4.6%, other 0.9% (includes French (official) and Jerriais) (2001 est.) note: data represent main spoken language; the traditional language of Jersey is Jerriais or Jersey French (a Norman language), which was spoken by fewer than 3,000 people as of 2001; two thirds of Jerriais speakers are aged 60 and over
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-18
Claims are attributed · classifications are dated
Claims and contested status
Maintained classification
Dependency or area of special sovereignty
British Crown Dependency
U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty · as of 2026-03-31A claim’s appearance records that the cited source reports it. It does not constitute an Almanac ruling on sovereignty.
Maintained profile
- Classification
- Dependency or area of special sovereignty
- U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty · Federal classification and wording follow the current State Department register.
- Sovereignty or administration
- British Crown Dependency
- U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty ·
- Administrative center
- Saint Helier
- U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty ·
Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data
Final CIA World Factbook profile
This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b
Introduction1 fields
- Background
- Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Duchy of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil that Germany occupied in World War II. The Bailiwick of Jersey is a British Crown dependency, which means that it is not part of the UK but is rather a self-governing possession of the British Crown. However, the UK Government is constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography17 fields
- Location
- Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area
- total : 116 sq km land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area - comparative
- about two-thirds the size of Washington, D.C.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maritime claims
- territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- temperate; mild winters and cool summers
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Terrain
- gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Elevation
- highest point: Les Platons 136 m lowest point: English Channel 0 m
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 43.3% (2022 est.) arable land: 18.3% (2022 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.) permanent pasture: 24.9% (2022 est.) forest: 5.2% (2022 est.) other: 51.6% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- fairly even distribution
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Natural hazards
- very large tidal variation can be hazardous to navigation
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Geography - note
- largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society21 fields
- Population
- total: 103,944 (2025 est.) male: 51,317 female: 52,627
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Nationality
- noun: Channel Islander(s) adjective: Channel Islander
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ethnic groups
- Jersey 44.4%, British 30.5%, Portuguese/Madeiran 9.4%, Polish 3%, Irish 2.1%, other 10.6% (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Languages
- English (official) 94.5%, Portuguese 4.6%, other 0.9% (includes French (official) and Jerriais) (2001 est.) note: data represent main spoken language; the traditional language of Jersey is Jerriais or Jersey French (a Norman language), which was spoken by fewer than 3,000 people as of 2001; two thirds of Jerriais speakers are aged 60 and over
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Religions
- Christian 85.2%, Baha'i 0.3%, Hindu 0.1%, Jewish 0.1%, Muslim 0.1%, atheist 1.1%, agnostic 13.1% (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Age structure
- 0-14 years: 17% (male 9,082/female 8,530) 15-64 years: 64.6% (male 33,840/female 32,989) 65 years and over: 18.3% (2024 est.) (male 8,106/female 10,840)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 56 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 26.8 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 29.2 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 3.4 (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Median age
- total: 38.5 years (2025 est.) male: 37 years female: 39.7 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Birth rate
- 11.97 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Death rate
- 7.8 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Net migration rate
- 0.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- fairly even distribution
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 31.2% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) note: data include Guernsey and Jersey
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Major urban areas - population
- 34,000 SAINT HELIER (capital) (2018)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Infant mortality rate
- total: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 4.2 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.3 deaths/1,000 live births
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 83 years (2024 est.) male: 80.6 years female: 85.7 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total fertility rate
- 1.66 children born/woman (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sanitation facility access
- total: 98.5% of population
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment5 fields
- Environmental issues
- habitat and species loss; water pollution; improper solid-waste disposal
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- temperate; mild winters and cool summers
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 43.3% (2022 est.) arable land: 18.3% (2022 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.) permanent pasture: 24.9% (2022 est.) forest: 5.2% (2022 est.) other: 51.6% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 31.2% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) note: data include Guernsey and Jersey
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Waste and recycling
- municipal solid waste generated annually: 178,900 tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 28.4% (2016 est.) note: data include combined totals for Guernsey and Jersey.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government22 fields
- Country name
- conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey conventional short form: Jersey former: Norman Isles etymology: the name is of Old Norse origin, with -ey meaning "island;" "Jer(s)" may derive from a person with the Scandinavian name Geirr, meaning "spear"
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Government type
- parliamentary democracy (Assembly of the States of Jersey)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Capital
- name: Saint Helier geographic coordinates: 49 11 N, 2 06 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: named after Saint HELIER, the patron saint of Jersey, who was reputedly martyred on the island in A.D. 555
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Administrative divisions
- no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 12 parishes; Grouville, Saint Brelade, Saint Clement, Saint Helier, Saint John, Saint Lawrence, Saint Martin, Saint Mary, Saint Ouen, Saint Peter, Saint Saviour, Trinity
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legal system
- the laws of the UK apply, as well as local statutes
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Constitution
- history: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice amendment process: proposed by a government minister to the Assembly of the States of Jersey, by an Assembly member, or by an elected parish head; passage requires several Assembly readings, a majority vote by the Assembly, review by the UK Ministry of Justice, and approval of the British monarch (Royal Assent)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Executive branch
- chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Lieutenant Governor Jerry KYD (since 8 October 2022) head of government: Chief Minister Lyndon FARNHAM (since 25 January 2024); Bailiff Timothy Le COCQ (since 17 October 2019) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed individually by the states election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; Council of Ministers, including the chief minister, indirectly elected by the Assembly of States; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch
- legislature name: Assembly of the States of Jersey legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 54 (49 directly elected, 5 appointed) term in office: 4 years most recent election date: 6/22/2022 parties elected and seats per party: BW (35); RJ (10); JLC (2); JA (1); PP (1) percentage of women in chamber: 42.9% expected date of next election: 2026 note: 5 non-voting members appointed by the monarch include the bailiff, lieutenant governor, dean of Jersey, attorney general, and the solicitor general
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Judicial branch
- highest court(s): Jersey Court of Appeal (consists of the bailiff, deputy bailiff, and 12 judges); Royal Court (consists of the bailiff, deputy bailiff, 6 commissioners and lay people referred to as jurats, and is organized into Heritage, Family, Probate, and Samedi Divisions); appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) judge selection and term of office: Jersey Court of Appeal bailiffs and judges appointed by the Crown upon the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice; bailiffs and judges appointed for "extent of good behavior;" Royal Court bailiffs appointed by the Crown upon the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice; commissioners appointed by the bailiff; jurats appointed by the Electoral College; bailiffs and commissioners appointed for "extent of good behavior;" jurats appointed until retirement at age 72 subordinate courts: Magistrate's Court; Youth Court; Petty Debts Court; Parish Hall Enquiries (a process of preliminary investigation into youth and minor adult offenses to determine need for presentation before a court)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Political parties
- Better Way or BW (group of independent candidates) Jersey Alliance or JA Jersey Liberal Conservatives or JLC Progress Party or PP Reform Jersey or RJ note: most deputies sit as independents
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation in the US
- none (British Crown dependency)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation from the US
- embassy: none (British Crown dependency)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Flag
- description: white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag; a red shield with three lions in yellow is in the upper triangle, with a yellow crown above history: according to tradition, Jersey ships differentiated themselves from English ships that flew the horizontal cross of St. George by rotating their own cross to the "X" (saltire) configuration; this arrangement resembled the Irish cross of St. Patrick, so the Plantagenet crown and Jersey coat of arms were added
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National anthem(s)
- title: "Isle de Siez Nous" (Island Home) lyrics/music: Gerard LE FEUVRE history: adopted 2008; serves as a local anthem _____ title: "God Save the King" lyrics/music: unknown history: official anthem, as a British Crown dependency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Economy16 fields
- Economic overview
- British territorial island economy; strong offshore banking and finance sectors; low asset taxation; strong tourism sector prior to COVID-19 and Brexit; one of the most expensive places to live; minimal welfare system; historical cider industry
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
- $5.569 billion (2016 est.) $5.514 billion (2015 est.) $4.98 billion (2014 est.) note: data are in 2015 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP growth rate
- 3.7% (2023 est.) 5.3% (2022 est.) 9.9% (2021 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency; entry includes Jersey and Guernsey
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $12.508 billion (2023 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate; entry includes Jersey and Guernsey
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by sector of origin
- agriculture: 0.6% (2023 est.) industry: 8.2% (2023 est.) services: 91.2% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Agricultural products
- potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industries
- tourism, banking and finance, dairy, electronics
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industrial production growth rate
- 1.3% (2023 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency; entry includes Jersey and Guernsey
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Labor force
- 82,400 (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work;entry includes Jersey and Guernsey
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Unemployment rate
- 6.3% (2024 est.) 6.2% (2023 est.) 6.2% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment; entry includes Jersey and Guernsey
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
- total: 14.1% (2024 est.) male: 14.2% (2024 est.) female: 13.9% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - partners
- almost entirely United Kingdom (2022)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - commodities
- refined petroleum, beverages, ships, jewelry, artwork (2022) top five export commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - partners
- almost entirely United Kingdom (2022)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - commodities
- artwork, ships, vegetables, fruits, jewelry (2022)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exchange rates
- Jersey pounds (JEP) per US dollar 0.782 (2024 est.) 0.805 (2023 est.) 0.811 (2022 est.) 0.727 (2021 est.) 0.78 (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy1 fields
- Electricity access
- electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.) note: includes Guernsey and Jersey
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Communications6 fields
- Telephones - fixed lines
- total subscriptions: 48,223 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Telephones - mobile cellular
- total subscriptions: 129,368 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 125 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadcast media
- multiple UK terrestrial TV broadcasts are received via a transmitter in Jersey; satellite packages available; BBC Radio Jersey and 1 other radio station operating
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Internet users
- percent of population: 41% (2012 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadband - fixed subscriptions
- total: 39,699 (2020 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation2 fields
- Ports
- total ports: 1 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 1 very small: 0 ports with oil terminals: 1 key ports: Saint Helier Harbour
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security1 fields
- Military - note
- defense is the responsibility of the UK
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
The underlying United States government material is public domain. The Almanac’s reuse terms do not change the legal status of this preserved source layer.