American Language 250

Standard American Almanac

World · permanent entity record · MT

Flag of Malta

Malta

Thirty-second orientation

Malta at a glance

Capital
Valletta
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Population
579,704
World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025
Area
316 sq km
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Nationality / demonym
noun: Maltese (singular and plural); adjective: Maltese
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Government
parliamentary republic
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Languages
Maltese (official) 90.1%, English (official) 6%, multilingual 3%, other 0.9% (2005 est.)
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04

Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history

Malta through time

  1. Admitted to the United Nations

    Malta became a member of the United Nations.

    United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04

Source history · changed fields only

Changes since the final CIA profile

FieldMaintained Almanac valueFinal CIA profile
Population579,704World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025total: 521,828 (2025 est.) male: 271,180 female: 250,648CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-18

A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.

World Development Indicators · latest available observation

People, economy, and access

Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.

Gross domestic product
$27.8 billion
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Gross domestic product per person
$47,907
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Life expectancy at birth
83.0 years
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Urban population
95.7%
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Access to electricity
100.0%
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
People using the internet
93.9%
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 2026-09-08.

World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.

Maintained profile

Capital
Valletta
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
Area
316 sq km
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
Population
579,704
World Bank, World Development Indicators · World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Source footnote: Extrapolated assuming the same growth rate as previous 6 months. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Currency
euros (EUR)
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
Languages
Maltese (official) 90.1%, English (official) 6%, multilingual 3%, other 0.9% (2005 est.)
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
Nationality / demonym
noun: Maltese (singular and plural); adjective: Maltese
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
Government
parliamentary republic
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json ·
UN membership
1964-12-01
United Nations, Member States ·
Continent
Europe
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “Europe.”
Coastline
196.8 km (excludes 56 km for the island of Gozo)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Climate
Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Religions
Roman Catholic (official) more than 90% (2006 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Flag colors
white, red
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
National symbol
Maltese eight-pointed cross
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Highest point
Ta'Dmejrek on Dingli Cliffs · 830 ft (253 m)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Lowest point
Mediterranean Sea · 0 ft (0 m)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
NATO membership
Not a member
NATO, What is NATO? · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
BRICS membership
Not a member
BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.

Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data

Final CIA World Factbook profile

This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.

CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b

Introduction1 fields
Background
With a civilization that dates back thousands of years, Malta boasts some of the oldest megalithic sites in the world. Situated in the center of the Mediterranean, Malta’s islands have long served as a strategic military asset, with the islands at various times falling under the control of the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Moors, Normans, Sicilians, Spanish, Knights of St. John, and French. Most recently a British colony (since 1814), Malta gained its independence in 1964 and declared itself a republic 10 years later. While under British rule, the island staunchly supported the UK through both world wars. Since the mid-1980s, the island has transformed itself into a freight transshipment point, a financial center, and a tourist destination, as its key industries moved toward more service-oriented activities. Malta became an EU member in 2004 and joined the eurozone in 2008.
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography17 fields
Location
Southern Europe, islands in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Sicily (Italy)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geographic coordinates
35 50 N, 14 35 E
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Map references
Europe
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Area
total : 316 sq km land: 316 sq km water: 0 sq km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Area - comparative
slightly less than twice the size of Washington, D.C.
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land boundaries
total: 0 km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Coastline
196.8 km (excludes 56 km for the island of Gozo)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 25 nm
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Climate
Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Terrain
mostly low, rocky, flat to dissected plains; many coastal cliffs
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Elevation
highest point: Ta'Dmejrek on Dingli Cliffs 253 m lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural resources
limestone, salt, arable land
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land use
agricultural land: 25.9% (2023 est.) arable land: 22.8% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 3.2% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.) forest: 1.5% (2023 est.) other: 66.4% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Irrigated land
39 sq km (2022)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population distribution
most of the population lives on the eastern half of Malta, the largest of the three inhabited islands
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural hazards
occasional droughts
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography - note
the country is an archipelago, with only the three largest islands (Malta, Ghawdex or Gozo, and Kemmuna or Comino) inhabited; numerous bays provide good harbors
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society34 fields
Population
total: 521,828 (2025 est.) male: 271,180 female: 250,648
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Nationality
noun: Maltese (singular and plural) adjective: Maltese
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Ethnic groups
Maltese (descendants of ancient Carthaginians and Phoenicians with strong elements of Italian and other Mediterranean stock)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Languages
Maltese (official) 90.1%, English (official) 6%, multilingual 3%, other 0.9% (2005 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Religions
Roman Catholic (official) more than 90% (2006 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Age structure
0-14 years: 14.5% (male 35,034/female 33,181) 15-64 years: 62.4% (male 151,836/female 141,248) 65 years and over: 23.1% (2024 est.) (male 50,153/female 58,278)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 54.1 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 21.2 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 32.9 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 3 (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Median age
total: 42.1 years (2025 est.) male: 42.4 years female: 44.7 years
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population growth rate
0.65% (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Birth rate
7.67 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Death rate
8.65 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Net migration rate
7.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population distribution
most of the population lives on the eastern half of Malta, the largest of the three inhabited islands
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Urbanization
urban population: 94.9% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Major urban areas - population
213,000 VALLETTA (capital) (2018)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Mother's mean age at first birth
29.3 years (2020 est.) note: data refers to the average of the different childbearing ages of first-order births
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Maternal mortality ratio
8 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Infant mortality rate
total: 4.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 4.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 83.6 years (2024 est.) male: 81.5 years female: 85.8 years
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Total fertility rate
1.18 children born/woman (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Gross reproduction rate
0.57 (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Drinking water source
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.) rural: 100% of population (2022 est.) total: 100% of population (2022 est.) urban: 0% of population (2022 est.) rural: 0% of population (2022 est.) total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Health expenditure
10.6% of GDP (2021) 16.2% of national budget (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Physician density
7.86 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Hospital bed density
4.4 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Sanitation facility access
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.) rural: 100% of population (2022 est.) total: 100% of population (2022 est.) urban: 0% of population (2022 est.) rural: 0% of population (2022 est.) total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
28.9% (2016)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 8.07 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 2.8 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 2.34 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 2.51 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0.42 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Tobacco use
total: 22.1% (2025 est.) male: 23.9% (2025 est.) female: 20.2% (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
0.7% (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
52% (2021 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Education expenditure
4.7% of GDP (2022 est.) 12.5% national budget (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 16 years (2023 est.) male: 15 years (2023 est.) female: 17 years (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment10 fields
Environmental issues
limited natural freshwater resources; deforestation; wildlife preservation
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
International environmental agreements
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Climate
Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land use
agricultural land: 25.9% (2023 est.) arable land: 22.8% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 3.2% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.) forest: 1.5% (2023 est.) other: 66.4% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Urbanization
urban population: 94.9% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Carbon dioxide emissions
8.965 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 8.113 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 852,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Particulate matter emissions
13.1 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 348,800 tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 10.5% (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Total water withdrawal
municipal: 39.497 million cubic meters (2022) industrial: 1 million cubic meters (2022) agricultural: 21.358 million cubic meters (2022)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Total renewable water resources
50.5 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government24 fields
Country name
conventional long form: Republic of Malta conventional short form: Malta local long form: Repubblika ta' Malta local short form: Malta etymology: the origin is unclear; the name may come from the ancient term mel, meaning "high" and probably referring to the island's rocks; the ancient Greeks called the island "Melite," possibly from the Greek word meli, meaning "honey" and referring to the island's honey production
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government type
parliamentary republic
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Capital
name: Valletta geographic coordinates: 35 53 N, 14 30 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: named in honor of Jean Parizot de la VALETTE, the Grand Master of the Order of Saint John (crusader knights), who founded the city in 1566
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Administrative divisions
68 localities (Il-lokalita); Attard, Balzan, Birgu, Birkirkara, Birzebbuga, Bormla, Dingli, Fgura, Floriana, Fontana, Ghajnsielem, Gharb, Gharghur, Ghasri, Ghaxaq, Gudja, Gzira, Hamrun, Iklin, Imdina, Imgarr, Imqabba, Imsida, Imtarfa, Isla, Kalkara, Kercem, Kirkop, Lija, Luqa, Marsa, Marsaskala, Marsaxlokk, Mellieha, Mosta, Munxar, Nadur, Naxxar, Paola, Pembroke, Pieta, Qala, Qormi, Qrendi, Rabat, Rabat (Ghawdex), Safi, San Giljan/Saint Julian, San Gwann/Saint John, San Lawrenz/Saint Lawrence, Sannat, San Pawl il-Bahar/Saint Paul's Bay, Santa Lucija/Saint Lucia, Santa Venera/Saint Venera, Siggiewi, Sliema, Swieqi, Tarxien, Ta' Xbiex, Valletta, Xaghra, Xewkija, Xghajra, Zabbar, Zebbug, Zebbug (Ghawdex), Zejtun, Zurrieq
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Legal system
mixed system of English common law and civil law based on the Roman and Napoleonic civil codes; subject to European Union law
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Constitution
history: many previous; latest adopted 21 September 1964 amendment process: proposals (Acts of Parliament) require at least two-thirds majority vote by the House of Representatives; passage of Acts requires majority vote by referendum, followed by final majority vote by the House and assent of the president of the republic
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Malta dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Suffrage
18 years of age (16 in local council elections); universal
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Executive branch
chief of state: President Myriam Spiteri DEBONO (since 4 April 2024) head of government: Prime Minister Robert ABELA (since 13 January 2020) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister election/appointment process: president indirectly elected by the House of Representatives for a single 5-year term; following legislative elections, the president usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister for a 5-year term; deputy prime minister appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister most recent election date: 27 March 2024 election results: 2024: Myriam Spiteri DEBONO (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous 2019: George VELLA (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous expected date of next election: by March 2029
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Legislative branch
legislature name: House of Representatives (Il-Kamra Tad-Deputati) legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 65 (all directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 5 years most recent election date: 3/26/2022 parties elected and seats per party: Labour Party (LP) (44); Nationalist Party (PN) (35) percentage of women in chamber: 29.1% expected date of next election: March 2027
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Court of Appeal (consists of either 1 or 3 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 3 judges); Court of Criminal Appeal (consists of either 1 or 3 judges) judge selection and term of office: Court of Appeal and Constitutional Court judges appointed by the president, usually on the advice of the prime minister; judges of both courts serve until age 65 subordinate courts: Civil Court (divided into the General Jurisdiction Section, Family Section, and Voluntary Section); Criminal Court; Court of Magistrates; Gozo Courts (for the islands of Gozo and Comino)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Political parties
AD+PD or ADPD (formed from the merger of Democratic Alternative or AD and Democratic Party (Partit Demokratiku) or PD) Labor Party (Partit Laburista) or PL Nationalist Party (Partit Nazzjonalista) or PN
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Godfrey C. XUEREB (since 19 April 2023) chancery: 2017 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (771) 213-4050 FAX: [1] (202) 530-9753​ email address and website: maltaembassy.washington@gov.mt The Embassy (gov.mt)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Somers FARKAS (since 26 November 2025) embassy: Ta' Qali National Park, Attard, ATD 4000 mailing address: 5800 Valletta Place, Washington DC 20521-5800 telephone: [356] 2561-4000 email address and website: ACSMalta@state.gov https://mt.usembassy.gov/
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
International organization participation
Australia Group, C, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO (partner), NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Independence
21 September 1964 (from the UK)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National holiday
Independence Day, 21 September (1964); Republic Day, 13 December (1974)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Flag
description: two equal vertical bands of white (left side) and red; in the upper-left corner is the George Cross, edged in red history: according to legend, the colors come from the red-and-white checkered banner of Count Roger of Sicily, who removed a bicolored corner and granted it to Malta in 1091, but the colors more likely come from the Knights of Saint John, who ruled Malta from 1530 to 1798; in 1942, Britain's King George VI awarded the George Cross to the islanders for their exceptional bravery and gallantry in World War II, and the George Cross bordered in red was added to the flag after independence in 1964
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National symbol(s)
Maltese eight-pointed cross
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National color(s)
red, white
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National coat of arms
Adopted in 1988, Malta’s coat of arms has a shield displaying the national flag, with olive and palm branches on each side symbolizing peace. On top of the shield is a golden crown in the shape of a fortification with five turrets, representing Malta's forts. The white ribbon below the shield displays the name Repubblika ta' Malta (Republic of Malta).
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National anthem(s)
title: "L-Innu Malti" (The Hymn of Malta) lyrics/music: Dun Karm PSAILA/Robert SAMMUT history: adopted 1945; written in the form of a prayer to bind together the political parties and the country
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 3 (all cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: City of Valletta; Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum; Megalithic Temples of Malta
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Economy30 fields
Economic overview
high-income, EU-member European economy; diversified portfolio; euro user; dependent on food and energy imports; strong tourism, trade, and manufacturing sectors; high North African immigration; large welfare system; educated workforce
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$34.731 billion (2024 est.) $32.774 billion (2023 est.) $30.689 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Real GDP growth rate
6% (2024 est.) 6.8% (2023 est.) 4.3% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Real GDP per capita
$60,500 (2024 est.) $59,300 (2023 est.) $57,800 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
GDP (official exchange rate)
$24.322 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
1.7% (2024 est.) 5.1% (2023 est.) 6.2% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 0.2% (2024 est.) industry: 11.4% (2024 est.) services: 80.8% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption: 46.6% (2024 est.) government consumption: 17.2% (2024 est.) investment in fixed capital: 17.9% (2024 est.) investment in inventories: 0.9% (2024 est.) exports of goods and services: 123.5% (2024 est.) imports of goods and services: -106.1% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Agricultural products
milk, tomatoes, onions, potatoes, chicken, cauliflower/broccoli, cabbages, pork, pumpkins/squash, watermelons (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Industries
tourism, electronics, ship building and repair, construction, food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, footwear, clothing, tobacco, aviation services, financial services, information technology services
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Industrial production growth rate
5.6% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Labor force
318,200 (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Unemployment rate
2.8% (2024 est.) 3.2% (2023 est.) 3% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 7.8% (2024 est.) male: 9.6% (2024 est.) female: 5.7% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population below poverty line
16.7% (2021 est.) note: % of population with income below national poverty line
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
34.6 (2022 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%: 2.7% (2022 est.) highest 10%: 27.7% (2022 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Remittances
0.1% of GDP (2024 est.) 0.1% of GDP (2023 est.) 0.1% of GDP (2022 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Budget
revenues: $6.95 billion (2023 est.) expenditures: $7.966 billion (2023 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Public debt
50.7% of GDP (2017 est.) note: Malta reports public debt at nominal value outstanding at the end of the year, according to guidelines set out in the Maastricht Treaty for general government gross debt; the data include the following categories of government liabilities (as defined in ESA95): currency and deposits (AF.2), securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives (AF.3, excluding AF.34), and loans (AF.4); general government comprises the central, state, and local governments, and social security funds
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Taxes and other revenues
21.9% (of GDP) (2023 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Current account balance
$1.383 billion (2024 est.) $1.425 billion (2023 est.) -$167.611 million (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exports
$29.245 billion (2024 est.) $26.647 billion (2023 est.) $23.566 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exports - partners
Nigeria 28%, Germany 10%, China 6%, Singapore 5%, Hong Kong 4% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exports - commodities
refined petroleum, integrated circuits, packaged medicine, ships, postage stamps/documents (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Imports
$24.505 billion (2024 est.) $22.637 billion (2023 est.) $21.406 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Imports - partners
Italy 18%, China 10%, Germany 8%, France 7%, Turkey 7% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Imports - commodities
ships, refined petroleum, integrated circuits, aircraft, packaged medicine (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$1.418 billion (2024 est.) $1.223 billion (2023 est.) $1.199 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exchange rates
euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.924 (2024 est.) 0.925 (2023 est.) 0.95 (2022 est.) 0.845 (2021 est.) 0.876 (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy7 fields
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 829,000 kW (2023 est.) consumption: 2.766 billion kWh (2023 est.) exports: 28 million kWh (2023 est.) imports: 648 million kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 199.086 million kWh (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 86.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 13.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 0.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Coal
consumption: 8.4 metric tons (2021 est.) imports: 3.9 metric tons (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption: 50,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural gas
consumption: 444.715 million cubic meters (2023 est.) imports: 444.715 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy consumption per capita
234.698 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Communications6 fields
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 259,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 49 (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 767,000 (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 142 (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Broadcast media
2 publicly owned TV stations, Television Malta and an educational channel; several privately owned national television stations, 2 of which are owned by political parties; Italian and British broadcast programs are available; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services are available; publicly owned radio broadcaster operates 3 stations; roughly 20 commercial radio stations (2019)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Internet country code
.mt
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Internet users
percent of population: 92% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 236,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 44 (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation5 fields
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
9H
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Airports
1 (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Heliports
2 (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Merchant marine
total: 1,957 (2023) by type: bulk carrier 490, container ship 348, general cargo 152, oil tanker 354, other 613
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Ports
total ports: 2 (2024) large: 0 medium: 1 small: 1 very small: 0 ports with oil terminals: 0 key ports: Marsaxlokk, Valletta Harbors
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security6 fields
Military and security forces
the Armed Forces of Malta (AFM): Land Component (combat, combat support, and combat service support divided into three regiments), Maritime Squadron, Air Wing; Volunteer Reserve Force (2025) note: the Malta Police Force maintains internal security; both the Police and the AFM report to the Ministry of Home Affairs, National Security, and Law Enforcement
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military expenditures
0.5% of GDP (2024 est.) 0.5% of GDP (2023 est.) 0.7% of GDP (2022 est.) 0.5% of GDP (2021 est.) 0.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and security service personnel strengths
approximately 2,000 active Armed Forces of Malta (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the military has a small inventory of armaments from a mix of European countries, particularly Italy, and the US (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military service age and obligation
18-30 years of age for men and women for voluntary military service; no conscription (2026)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military - note
the Armed Forces of Malta (AFM) are responsible for external security but also have some domestic security responsibilities; the AFM’s primary roles include maintaining the country’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, monitoring and policing its territorial waters, participating in overseas peacekeeping and stability operations, and providing search and rescue and explosive ordnance disposal capabilities; secondary missions include assisting civil authorities during emergencies, supporting the police and other security services, and providing ceremonial and other public support duties Malta maintains a security policy of neutrality but contributes to EU, Organization for the Security and Cooperation (OSCE), and UN military missions and joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1995 (suspended in 1996, but reactivated in 2008); it also participates in various bilateral and multinational military exercises; Malta cooperates closely with Italy on defense matters; in 1973, Italy established a military mission in Malta to provide advice, training, and search and rescue assistance (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transnational Issues1 fields
Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees: 9,284 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 171 (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source

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