World · permanent entity record · RM
Marshall Islands
Thirty-second orientation
Marshall Islands at a glance
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Marshallese (singular and plural); adjective: Marshallese
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Government
- mixed presidential-parliamentary system in free association with the US
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Languages
- Marshallese (official) 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history
Marshall Islands through time
Admitted to the United Nations
Marshall Islands became a member of the United Nations.
United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04
Source history · changed fields only
Changes since the final CIA profile
| Field | Maintained Almanac value | Final CIA profile |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 36,282World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025 | total: 82,011 (2024 est.) male: 41,581 female: 40,430CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-05 |
A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.
World Development Indicators · latest available observation
People, economy, and access
Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.
- Gross domestic product
- $308.0 million
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Gross domestic product per person
- $8,489
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Life expectancy at birth
- 67.1 years
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Urban population
- 79.1%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Access to electricity
- 97.2%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- People using the internet
- 65.9%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.
Maintained profile
- Capital
- Majuro
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
- Area
- 181 sq km
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
- Population
- 36,282
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Currency
- US dollar (USD)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
- Languages
- Marshallese (official) 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Marshallese (singular and plural); adjective: Marshallese
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
- Government
- mixed presidential-parliamentary system in free association with the US
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json ·
- Continent
- Oceania
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “Australia and Oceania.”
- Coastline
- 370.4 km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Climate
- tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Religions
- Protestant 79.3% (United Church of Christ 47.9%, Assembly of God 14.1%, Full Gospel 5%, Bukot Nan Jesus 3%, Salvation Army 2.3%, Reformed Congressional Church 2.2%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.7%, New Beginning Church 1.4%, other Protestant 1.6%), Roman Catholic 9.3%, Church of Jesus Christ 5.7%, Jehovah's Witness 1.3%, other 3.3%, none 1.1% (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Flag colors
- blue, orange, white
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
- National symbol
- a 24-rayed star
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Highest point
- East-central Airik Island, Maloelap Atoll · 46 ft (14 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Lowest point
- Pacific Ocean · 0 ft (0 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- NATO membership
- Not a member
- NATO, What is NATO? · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
- BRICS membership
- Not a member
- BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data
Final CIA World Factbook profile
This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b
Introduction1 fields
- Background
- Humans arrived in the Marshall Islands in the first millennium B.C. and gradually created permanent settlements on the various atolls. The early inhabitants were skilled navigators who frequently traveled between atolls using stick charts to map the islands. Society became organized under two paramount chiefs, one each for the Ratak (Sunrise) Chain and the Ralik (Sunset) Chain. Spain formally claimed the islands in 1592. Germany established a supply station on Jaluit Atoll and bought the islands from Spain in 1884, although paramount chiefs continued to rule. Japan seized the Marshall Islands in 1914 and was granted a League of Nations Mandate to administer the islands in 1920. The US captured the islands in heavy fighting during World War II, and the islands came under US administration as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (TTPI) in 1947. Between 1946 and 1958, the US resettled populations from Bikini and Enewetak Atolls and conducted 67 nuclear tests; people from Ailinginae, Rongelap, and Utrik Atolls were also evacuated because of nuclear fallout, and Bikini and Rongelap remain largely uninhabited. In 1979, the Marshall Islands drafted a constitution separate from the rest of the TTPI and declared independence under President Amata KABUA, a paramount chief. In 2000, Kessai NOTE became the first commoner elected president. In 2016, Hilda HEINE was the first woman elected president.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography17 fields
- Location
- Oceania, consists of 29 atolls and five isolated islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Hawaii and Australia; the atolls and islands are situated in two, almost-parallel island chains - the Ratak (Sunrise) group and the Ralik (Sunset) group; the total number of islands and islets is about 1,225; 22 of the atolls and four of the islands are uninhabited
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area
- total : 181 sq km land: 181 sq km water: 0 sq km note: the archipelago includes 11,673 sq km (4,507 sq mi) of lagoon and encompasses the atolls of Bikini, Enewetak, Kwajalein, Majuro, Rongelap, and Utirik
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area - comparative
- about the size of Washington, D.C.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maritime claims
- territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Elevation
- highest point: East-central Airik Island, Maloelap Atoll 14 m lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m mean elevation: 2 m
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Natural resources
- coconut products, marine products, deep seabed minerals
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 38.9% (2023 est.) arable land: 2.8% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 36.1% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.) forest: 53.9% (2023 est.) other: 7.2% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- most people live in urban clusters on many of the country's islands; more than two thirds of the population lives on the atolls of Majuro and Ebeye
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Geography - note
- Kwajalein atoll surrounds the world's largest lagoon; the island city of Ebeye is the second largest settlement in the Marshall Islands, after the capital of Majuro, and one of the most densely populated locations in the Pacific
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society32 fields
- Population
- total: 82,011 (2024 est.) male: 41,581 female: 40,430
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Nationality
- noun: Marshallese (singular and plural) adjective: Marshallese
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ethnic groups
- Marshallese 95.6%, Filipino 1.1%, other 3.3% (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Languages
- Marshallese (official) 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999) major-language sample(s): Bok eo an Lalin kin Melele ko Rejimwe ej jikin ebōk melele ko raurōk. (Marshallese) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. note: English (official), widely spoken as a second language
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Religions
- Protestant 79.3% (United Church of Christ 47.9%, Assembly of God 14.1%, Full Gospel 5%, Bukot Nan Jesus 3%, Salvation Army 2.3%, Reformed Congressional Church 2.2%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.7%, New Beginning Church 1.4%, other Protestant 1.6%), Roman Catholic 9.3%, Church of Jesus Christ 5.7%, Jehovah's Witness 1.3%, other 3.3%, none 1.1% (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Age structure
- 0-14 years: 30% (male 12,538/female 12,072) 15-64 years: 64.3% (male 26,750/female 25,944) 65 years and over: 5.7% (2024 est.) (male 2,293/female 2,414)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 55.6 (2024 est.) youth dependency ratio: 46.7 (2024 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 8.9 (2024 est.) potential support ratio: 11.2 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Median age
- total: 25.9 years (2025 est.) male: 25.4 years female: 25.6 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Birth rate
- 20.81 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Death rate
- 4.37 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Net migration rate
- -4.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- most people live in urban clusters on many of the country's islands; more than two thirds of the population lives on the atolls of Majuro and Ebeye
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 78.9% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Major urban areas - population
- 31,000 MAJURO (capital) (2018)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maternal mortality ratio
- 155 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Infant mortality rate
- total: 20.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 24 deaths/1,000 live births female: 17.1 deaths/1,000 live births
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 75.2 years (2024 est.) male: 73 years female: 77.5 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total fertility rate
- 2.62 children born/woman (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Drinking water source
- urban: 84.5% of population (2022 est.) rural: 87.2% of population (2022 est.) total: 85.1% of population (2022 est.) urban: 15.5% of population (2022 est.) rural: 12.8% of population (2022 est.) total: 14.9% of population (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Health expenditure
- 12.5% of GDP (2021) 6.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Physician density
- 0.47 physicians/1,000 population (2012)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sanitation facility access
- urban: 92.8% of population (2022 est.) rural: 70.4% of population (2022 est.) total: 88% of population (2022 est.) urban: 7.2% of population (2022 est.) rural: 29.6% of population (2022 est.) total: 12% of population (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Tobacco use
- total: 30.9% (2025 est.) male: 52.9% (2025 est.) female: 8.5% (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Children under the age of 5 years underweight
- 11.9% (2017 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Currently married women (ages 15-49)
- 68.3% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Education expenditure
- 7.7% of GDP (2022 est.) 11.3% national budget (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Literacy
- total population: 95.8% (2021 est.) male: 95.7% (2021 est.) female: 96.4% (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 14 years (2022 est.) male: 14 years (2022 est.) female: 15 years (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment8 fields
- Environmental issues
- inadequate potable water; pollution of Majuro lagoon from household waste and discharges from fishing vessels; sea-level rise
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International environmental agreements
- party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 38.9% (2023 est.) arable land: 2.8% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 36.1% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.) forest: 53.9% (2023 est.) other: 7.2% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 78.9% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Carbon dioxide emissions
- 293,700 metric tonnes of CO2 (2017 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Particulate matter emissions
- 7.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Waste and recycling
- municipal solid waste generated annually: 8,600 tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 39.7% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government23 fields
- Country name
- conventional long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands conventional short form: Marshall Islands local long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands local short form: Marshall Islands former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Marshall Islands District abbreviation: RMI etymology: named after British Captain John MARSHALL, who charted many of the islands in 1788
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Government type
- mixed presidential-parliamentary system in free association with the US
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Capital
- name: Majuro geographic coordinates: 7 06 N, 171 23 E time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: Majuro means "two openings" or "two eyes" and refers to the two major passages through the atoll into the Majuro lagoon note: the capital is an atoll of 64 islands; governmental buildings are housed on three fused islands on the eastern side of the atoll: Djarrit, Uliga, and Delap
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Administrative divisions
- 24 municipalities; Ailinglaplap, Ailuk, Arno, Aur, Bikini & Kili, Ebon, Enewetak & Ujelang, Jabat, Jaluit, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Likiep, Majuro, Maloelap, Mejit, Mili, Namorik, Namu, Rongelap, Ujae, Utrik, Wotho, Wotje
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legal system
- mixed system of US and English common law, customary law, and local statutes
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Constitution
- history: effective 1 May 1979 amendment process: proposed by the National Parliament or by a constitutional convention; passage by Parliament requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total membership in each of two readings and approval by a majority of votes in a referendum; amendments submitted by a constitutional convention require approval of at least two thirds of votes in a referendum
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International law organization participation
- accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Citizenship
- citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Marshall Islands dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Hilda C. HEINE (since 3 January 2023) head of government: President Hilda C. HEINE (since 3 January 2023) cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the president from among members of the Nitijela, appointed by Nitijela speaker election/appointment process: president indirectly elected by the Nitijela from among its members for a 4-year term (no term limits) most recent election date: 2 January 2023 election results: 2023: Hilda C. HEINE elected president; National Parliament vote - Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 17, David KABUA (independent) 16 2020: David KABUA elected president; National Parliament vote - David KABUA (independent) 20, Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 12 expected date of next election: 2027 note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch
- legislature name: Parliament (Nitijela) legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 33 (all directly elected) electoral system: plurality/majority scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 4 years most recent election date: 11/20/2023 percentage of women in chamber: 12.1% expected date of next election: November 2027 note: the Council of Iroij is a 12-member consultative group of tribal leaders that advises the Presidential Cabinet and reviews legislation affecting customary law or any traditional practice
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Judicial branch
- highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 2 associate justices) judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the Cabinet on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission (consists of the chief justice of the High Court, the attorney general and a private citizen selected by the Cabinet) and upon approval of the Nitijela; the current chief justice, appointed in 2013, serves for 10 years; Marshallese citizens appointed as justices serve until retirement at age 72 subordinate courts: High Court; District Courts; Traditional Rights Court; Community Courts
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Political parties
- traditionally there have been no formally organized political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation in the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Charles Rudolph PAUL (since 27 February 2024) chancery: 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-5414 FAX: [1] (202) 232-3236 email address and website: info@rmiembassyus.org consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Springdale (AR)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation from the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Laura M. STONE (since 12 July 2024) embassy: Mejen Weto, Ocean Side, Majuro mailing address: 4380 Majuro Place, Washington DC 20521-4380 telephone: [692] 247-4011 FAX: [692] 247-4012 email address and website: MAJConsular@state.gov https://mh.usembassy.gov/
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International organization participation
- ACP, ADB, AOSIS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, WHO
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Independence
- 21 October 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Flag
- description: blue with an orange stripe and a white stripe radiating from the lower-left corner to the upper-right corner; a white star with four large rays and 20 small rays appears on the left side above the two stripes meaning: blue stands for the Pacific Ocean, orange for the Ralik Chain (or sunset and courage), and white for the Ratak Chain (or sunrise and peace); the star symbolizes the Christian cross, with a small ray for each electoral district and a larger ray for the principal cultural centers of Majuro, Jaluit, Wotje, and Ebeye; the diagonal stripes can also be interpreted as representing the equator, with the star showing the archipelago's position
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National anthem(s)
- title: "Forever Marshall Islands" lyrics/music: Amata KABUA history: adopted 1981; words and music written by the first president of the Marshall Islands
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National heritage
- total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Economy26 fields
- Economic overview
- upper middle-income Pacific island economy; US aid reliance; large public sector; coconut oil production as diesel fuel substitute; growing offshore banking locale; fishing rights seller; import-dependent
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
- $270.809 million (2024 est.) $263.507 million (2023 est.) $274.3 million (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP growth rate
- 2.8% (2024 est.) -3.9% (2023 est.) -1.1% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP per capita
- $7,200 (2024 est.) $6,800 (2023 est.) $6,800 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $280.358 million (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Inflation rate (consumer prices)
- 6.2% (2022 est.) 2.6% (2021 est.) -0.7% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by sector of origin
- agriculture: 19.5% (2023 est.) industry: 11.1% (2023 est.) services: 70.5% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by end use
- household consumption: 70.7% (2023 est.) government consumption: 53.5% (2023 est.) investment in fixed capital: 20.2% (2023 est.) investment in inventories: -0.5% (2023 est.) exports of goods and services: 38.9% (2023 est.) imports of goods and services: -71.2% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Agricultural products
- coconuts (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industries
- copra, tuna processing, tourism, craft items (from seashells, wood, and pearls)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industrial production growth rate
- -2.8% (2023 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population below poverty line
- 7.2% (2019 est.) note: % of population with income below national poverty line
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
- 35.5 (2019 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Household income or consumption by percentage share
- lowest 10%: 2.8% (2019 est.) highest 10%: 27.5% (2019 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Remittances
- 13.3% of GDP (2023 est.) 13.6% of GDP (2022 est.) 13.3% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Budget
- revenues: $171.267 million (2020 est.) expenditures: $159.095 million (2020 est.) note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Public debt
- 41.6% of GDP (2019 est.) note: central government debt as a % of GDP
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Taxes and other revenues
- 17.2% (of GDP) (2020 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Current account balance
- $76.263 million (2021 est.) $90.281 million (2020 est.) $86.133 million (2019 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports
- $130.016 million (2021 est.) $88.042 million (2020 est.) $91.394 million (2019 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - partners
- UK 16%, Germany 13%, Denmark 10%, Ghana 9%, Cyprus 9% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - commodities
- ships, refined petroleum, fish, natural gas, stone processing machines (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports
- $206.025 million (2021 est.) $132.845 million (2020 est.) $129.682 million (2019 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - partners
- China 47%, Japan 15%, Germany 5%, Brazil 4%, Cyprus 4% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - commodities
- ships, refined petroleum, additive manufacturing machines, iron structures, crude petroleum (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy1 fields
- Electricity access
- electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.) electrification - urban areas: 96.1% electrification - rural areas: 100%
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Communications6 fields
- Telephones - fixed lines
- total subscriptions: 2,000 (2014 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5 (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Telephones - mobile cellular
- total subscriptions: 16,000 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 38 (2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadcast media
- no TV broadcast station; a cable network is available on Majuro with programming via videotape replay and satellite relays; 4 radio broadcast stations; US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) provides satellite radio and TV service to Kwajalein Atoll (2019)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Internet users
- percent of population: 66% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadband - fixed subscriptions
- total: 1,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation4 fields
- Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
- V7
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Merchant marine
- total: 4,180 (2023) by type: bulk carrier 1,939, container ship 277, general cargo 66, oil tanker 1039, other 859
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ports
- total ports: 3 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 0 very small: 3 ports with oil terminals: 2 key ports: Enitwetak Island, Kwajalein, Majuro Atoll
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security2 fields
- Military and security forces
- Marshall Islands Police Department (includes a Sea Patrol Division)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military - note
- defense is the responsibility of the US; in 1982, the Marshall Islands signed a Compact of Free Association (COFA) with the US, which granted the Marshall Islands financial assistance and access to many US domestic programs in exchange for exclusive US military access and defense responsibilities; the COFA entered into force in 1986; the Marshall Islands hosts a US Army missile test site the Marshall Islands has a "shiprider" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within its designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; "shiprider" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transnational Issues1 fields
- Refugees and internally displaced persons
- IDPs: 35 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
The underlying United States government material is public domain. The Almanac’s reuse terms do not change the legal status of this preserved source layer.