World · permanent entity record · MN
Monaco
Thirty-second orientation
Monaco at a glance
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s); adjective: Monegasque or Monacan
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Government
- constitutional monarchy
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Languages
- French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history
Monaco through time
Admitted to the United Nations
Monaco became a member of the United Nations.
United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04
Source history · changed fields only
Changes since the final CIA profile
| Field | Maintained Almanac value | Final CIA profile |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 38,341World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025 | total: 32,047 (2025 est.) male: 15,467 female: 16,580CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-18 |
A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.
World Development Indicators · latest available observation
People, economy, and access
Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.
- Gross domestic product
- $11.1 billion
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Gross domestic product per person
- $288,002
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Life expectancy at birth
- 86.5 years
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Urban population
- 100.0%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Access to electricity
- 100.0%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- People using the internet
- 99.0%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.
Maintained profile
- Capital
- Monaco
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
- Area
- 2 sq km
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
- Population
- 38,341
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Currency
- euros (EUR)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
- Languages
- French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s); adjective: Monegasque or Monacan
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
- Continent
- Europe
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “Europe.”
- Coastline
- 4.1 km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Climate
- Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Religions
- Roman Catholic 90% (official), other 10%
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Flag colors
- red, white
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
- National symbol
- red and white lozenges (diamond shapes)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Highest point
- Chemin des Revoires on Mont Agel · 531 ft (162 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Lowest point
- Mediterranean Sea · 0 ft (0 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- NATO membership
- Not a member
- NATO, What is NATO? · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
- BRICS membership
- Not a member
- BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data
Final CIA World Factbook profile
This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b
Introduction1 fields
- Background
- The Genoese built a fortress on the site of present-day Monaco in 1215. The current ruling GRIMALDI family first seized control in 1297 but was not able to permanently secure its holding until 1419. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, coastal Mediterranean scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world-famous as a tourist and recreation center.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography17 fields
- Location
- Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area
- total : 2 sq km land: 2 sq km water: 0 sq km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area - comparative
- about three times the size of the National Mall in Washington, D.C.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land boundaries
- total: 6 km border countries (1): France 6 km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maritime claims
- territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 12 nm
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Elevation
- highest point: Chemin des Revoires on Mont Agel 162 m lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 0% (2022 est.) arable land: 0% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 1% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.) forest: 0% (2022 est.) other: 100% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- the second most densely populated country in the world (after Macau); its entire population lives on 2 sq km (0.8 sq mi)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Geography - note
- second-smallest independent state in the world (after the Holy See); smallest country with a coastline; almost entirely urban
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society27 fields
- Population
- total: 32,047 (2025 est.) male: 15,467 female: 16,580
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Nationality
- noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) adjective: Monegasque or Monacan
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ethnic groups
- Monegasque 32.1%, French 19.9%, Italian 15.3%, British 5%, Belgian 2.3%, Swiss 2%, German 1.9%, Russian 1.8%, American 1.1%, Dutch 1.1%, Moroccan 1%, other 16.6% (2016 est.) note: data represent population by country of birth
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Languages
- French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque major-language sample(s): The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Religions
- Roman Catholic 90% (official), other 10%
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Age structure
- 0-14 years: 9.1% (male 1,485/female 1,408) 15-64 years: 53.8% (male 8,620/female 8,490) 65 years and over: 37.1% (2024 est.) (male 5,261/female 6,549)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 88.7 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 16.6 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 72.1 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 1.4 (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Median age
- total: 57.5 years (2025 est.) male: 55 years female: 58.4 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Birth rate
- 6.46 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Death rate
- 11.36 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Net migration rate
- 12.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- the second most densely populated country in the world (after Macau); its entire population lives on 2 sq km (0.8 sq mi)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 100% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Major urban areas - population
- 39,000 MONACO (capital) (2018)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maternal mortality ratio
- 5 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Infant mortality rate
- total: 1.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 2 deaths/1,000 live births female: 1.4 deaths/1,000 live births
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 89.8 years (2024 est.) male: 86 years female: 93.7 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total fertility rate
- 1.55 children born/woman (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Drinking water source
- urban: 100% of population (2022 est.) total: 100% of population (2022 est.) urban: 0% of population (2022 est.) total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Health expenditure
- 3.7% of GDP (2021) 12% of national budget (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Physician density
- 8.61 physicians/1,000 population (2020)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sanitation facility access
- urban: 100% of population (2022 est.) total: 100% of population (2022 est.) urban: 0% of population (2022 est.) total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Education expenditure
- 1.7% of GDP (2023 est.) 7.7% national budget (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 21 years (2024 est.) male: 20 years (2024 est.) female: 22 years (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment7 fields
- International environmental agreements
- party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 0% (2022 est.) arable land: 0% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 1% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.) forest: 0% (2022 est.) other: 100% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 100% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Particulate matter emissions
- 9.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Waste and recycling
- municipal solid waste generated annually: 46,000 tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 5.4% (2012 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total water withdrawal
- municipal: 10 million cubic meters (2020 est.) industrial: 0 cubic meters (2017 est.) agricultural: 0 cubic meters (2017 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government22 fields
- Country name
- conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principauté de Monaco local short form: Monaco etymology: founded as a Greek colony in the 6th century B.C., the name's origin is unclear; it could derive from the Greek term monoikos (solitary), the Ligurian word monegu (rock), or the Basque word muno (mountain)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Capital
- name: Monaco geographic coordinates: 43 44 N, 7 25 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: founded as a Greek colony in the 6th century B.C., the name's origin is unclear; it could derive from the Greek term monoikos (solitary), the Ligurian word monegu (rock), or the Basque word muno (mountain)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Administrative divisions
- no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 4 quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo note: Moneghetti, part of La Condamine, is sometimes called the fifth quarter of Monaco
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legal system
- civil law system influenced by French legal tradition
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Constitution
- history: previous 1911 (suspended 1959); latest adopted 17 December 1962 amendment process: proposed by joint agreement of the chief of state (the prince) and the National Council; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of National Council members
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International law organization participation
- has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Citizenship
- citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Monaco; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen and father unknown dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Executive branch
- chief of state: Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005) head of government: Minister of State Christophe MIRMAND (since 21 July 2025) cabinet: Council of Government under the authority of the monarch election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch
- legislature name: National Council (Conseil national) legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 24 (all directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 5 years most recent election date: 2/5/2023 parties elected and seats per party: Monegasque National Union - l’Union (24) percentage of women in chamber: 45.8% expected date of next election: February 2028
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Judicial branch
- highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of 5 permanent members and 2 substitutes) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court members appointed by the monarch upon the proposals of the National Council, State Council, Crown Council, Court of Appeal, and Trial Court subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; Civil Court of First Instance
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Political parties
- Monegasque National Union (includes Horizon Monaco, Primo!, Union Monegasque) Horizon Monaco Priorite Monaco or Primo! Union Monegasque
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation in the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Maguy MACCARIO DOYLE (since 3 December 2013) chancery: 888 17th Street NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20006 telephone: [1] (202) 234-1530 FAX: [1] (202) 244-7656 email address and website: info@monacodc.org https://monacodc.org/index.html consulate(s) general: New York
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation from the US
- embassy: US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Ambassador to France is accredited to Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France), under the authority of the US Ambassador to France, handles diplomatic and consular matters concerning Monaco; +(33)(1) 43-12-22-22, enter zero "0" after the automated greeting; US Embassy Paris, 2 Avenue Gabriel, 75008 Paris, France
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International organization participation
- CD, CE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITSO, ITU, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Schengen Convention (de facto member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Independence
- 1419 (beginning of permanent rule by the House of GRIMALDI)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National holiday
- National Day (Saint Rainier's Day), 19 November (1857)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Flag
- description: two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white history: uses the colors of the ruling House of Grimaldi; colors have been in use since 1339, making it one of the world's oldest national flags note: similar to the flags of Indonesia (longer) and Poland (colors reversed)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National symbol(s)
- red and white lozenges (diamond shapes)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National anthem(s)
- title: "A Marcia de Muneghu" (The March of Monaco) lyrics/music: Louis NOTARI/Charles ALBRECHT history: music adopted 1867, lyrics adopted 1931; only the Monegasque lyrics are official; the French version is known as "Hymne Monegasque" (Monegasque Anthem); the words are usually only sung on official occasions
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Economy14 fields
- Economic overview
- high-income European economy; non-EU euro user; considered a tax haven; tourism and banking are largest sectors; negatively impacted by COVID-19; major oceanographic museum; among most expensive real estate; major state-owned enterprises
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
- $8.924 billion (2024 est.) $8.749 billion (2023 est.) $8.329 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2015 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP growth rate
- 5% (2023 est.) 11% (2022 est.) 22.2% (2021 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP per capita
- $270,100 (2024 est.) $256,600 (2023 est.) $226,100 (2022 est.) note: data in 2015 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $10.434 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Inflation rate (consumer prices)
- 5.9% (2022 est.) 2.1% (2021 est.) 0.5% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by sector of origin
- industry: 11.5% (2023 est.) services: 88.5% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industries
- banking, insurance, tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - partners
- Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Belgium, Spain (2021)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - commodities
- jewelry, perfumes, watches, packaged medicines, cars (2021) top five export commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - partners
- Italy, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Germany, China (2021)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - commodities
- jewelry, cars and vehicle parts, recreational boats, plastic products, artwork (2021)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exchange rates
- euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.924 (2024 est.) 0.925 (2023 est.) 0.95 (2022 est.) 0.845 (2021 est.) 0.876 (2020 est.) note: while not an EU member state, Monaco, due to its preexisting monetary and banking agreements with France, has a 1998 monetary agreement with the EU to produce limited euro coinage—but not banknotes—that began enforcement in January 2002 and superseded by a new EU agreement in 2012
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy1 fields
- Electricity access
- electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Communications6 fields
- Telephones - fixed lines
- total subscriptions: 43,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 111 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Telephones - mobile cellular
- total subscriptions: 41,500 (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadcast media
- TV Monte-Carlo operates a TV network; cable TV available; Radio Monte-Carlo has extensive radio networks in France and Italy, with French-language broadcasts to France beginning in the 1960s and Italian-language broadcasts to Italy beginning in the 1970s; other radio stations include Riviera Radio and Radio Monaco
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Internet users
- percent of population: 99% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadband - fixed subscriptions
- total: 22,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 56 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation5 fields
- Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
- 3A
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Railways
- note: Monaco has a single railway station but does not operate its own train service; the French operator SNCF operates rail services in Monaco
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ports
- total ports: 1 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 0 very small: 1 ports with oil terminals: 0 key ports: Monaco
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security2 fields
- Military and security forces
- no regular military forces; Prince’s Company of Carabiniers (Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince, Police Department (Direction de la Sûreté Publique), Fire and Emergency Service (Corps des Sapeurs-pompiers de Monaco) (2025) note: the primary responsibility for the Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince is guarding the palace; the Police maintain public order
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military - note
- by treaty, France is responsible for defending the independence and sovereignty of Monaco
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transnational Issues1 fields
- Refugees and internally displaced persons
- refugees: 17 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
The underlying United States government material is public domain. The Almanac’s reuse terms do not change the legal status of this preserved source layer.