World · permanent entity record · MO

Morocco

Thirty-second orientation

Morocco at a glance

Capital: Rabat; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Population: 38,430,770; World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025
Area: 716,550 sq km; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Nationality / demonym: noun: Moroccan(s); adjective: Moroccan; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Government: parliamentary constitutional monarchy; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Languages: Arabic (official), Tamazight languages (Tamazight (official), Tachelhit, Tarifit), French (often the language of business, government, and diplomacy); CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04

Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history

Morocco through time

1956-11-12
Admitted to the United Nations
Morocco became a member of the United Nations.
United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04

Source history · changed fields only

Changes since the final CIA profile

Field	Maintained Almanac value	Final CIA profile
Population	38,430,770World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025	total: 37,387,585 (2024 est.) male: 18,664,263 female: 18,723,322CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-09

A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.

World Development Indicators · latest available observation

People, economy, and access

Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.

Gross domestic product: $182.4 billion; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Gross domestic product per person: $4,672; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Life expectancy at birth: 75.5 years; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Urban population: 63.1%; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Access to electricity: 100.0%; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
People using the internet: 91.2%; World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 2026-09-08.

World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.

Maintained profile

Capital: Rabat; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04The State Department independent-states list does not enumerate Western Sahara as an independent state. The UN lists Western Sahara as a Non-Self-Governing Territory. The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
Area: 716,550 sq km; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
Population: 38,430,770; World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Currency: Moroccan dirhams (MAD); CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
Languages: Arabic (official), Tamazight languages (Tamazight (official), Tachelhit, Tarifit), French (often the language of business, government, and diplomacy); CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
Nationality / demonym: noun: Moroccan(s); adjective: Moroccan; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
Government: parliamentary constitutional monarchy; CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
UN membership: 1956-11-12; United Nations, Member States · as of 2026-09-04
Continent: Africa; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-09Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “Africa.”
Coastline: 2,945 km; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-09Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Climate: Mediterranean in the north, becoming more extreme in the interior; in the south, hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew note: data does not include former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-09Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Religions: Muslim 99% (official; virtually all Sunni, <0.1% Shia), other 1% (includes Christian, Jewish, and Baha'i); note - Jewish about 3,000-3,500 (2020 est.) note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-09Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Flag colors: red, green; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-09Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
National symbol: pentacle symbol, lion; CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-09Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Nationally recognized: Knowledge, know-how and practices pertaining to the production and consumption of couscous — inscribed 2020 (multinational); UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity · as of 2026-09-10Inscribed heritage: a recognition this state sought and obtained, dated by its inscription on the Representative List.
Highest point: Jebel Toubkal · 13,665 ft (4,165 m); CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-09Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Lowest point: Sebkha Tah · -194 ft (-59 m); CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · as of 2026-01-09Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
NATO membership: Not a member; NATO, What is NATO? · as of 2026-09-06Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
BRICS membership: Not a member; BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · as of 2026-09-06Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.

Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data

Final CIA World Factbook profile

This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.

CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated 2026-01-09 · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b

Introduction1 fields

Background: In 788, about a century after the Arab conquest of North Africa, a series of Muslim dynasties began to rule in Morocco. In the 16th century, the Sa'adi monarchy, particularly under Ahmad al-MANSUR (1578-1603), repelled foreign invaders and inaugurated a golden age. The Alaouite Dynasty, to which the current Moroccan royal family belongs, dates from the 17th century. In 1860, Spain occupied northern Morocco and ushered in a half-century of trade rivalry among European powers that saw Morocco's sovereignty steadily erode; in 1912, the French imposed a protectorate over the country. A protracted independence struggle with France ended successfully in 1956. The internationalized city of Tangier and most Spanish possessions were turned over to the new country that same year. Sultan MOHAMMED V, the current monarch's grandfather, organized the new state as a constitutional monarchy and in 1957 assumed the title of king. Since Spain's 1976 withdrawal from Western Sahara, Morocco has extended its de facto administrative control to roughly 75% of this territory; however, the UN does not recognize Morocco as the administering power for Western Sahara. The UN since 1991 has monitored a cease-fire, which broke down in late 2020, between Morocco and the Polisario Front -- an organization advocating the territory’s independence -- and restarted negotiations over the status of the territory in 2018. In 2020, the US recognized Morocco's sovereignty over all of Western Sahara. In 2011, King MOHAMMED VI responded to the spread of pro-democracy protests in the North Africa region by implementing a reform program that included a new constitution, passed by popular referendum, under which some new powers were extended to parliament and the prime minister, but ultimate authority remains in the hands of the monarch. Later that year, the Justice and Development Party (PJD) -- a moderate Islamist democratic party -- won the largest number of seats in parliamentary elections, becoming the first Islamist party to lead the Moroccan Government. In 2015, Morocco held its first direct elections for regional councils, which was one of the reforms included in the 2011 constitution. The PJD again won the largest number of seats in nationwide parliamentary elections in 2016, but it lost its plurality to the probusiness National Rally of Independents (RNI) in 2021. In 2020, Morocco signed a normalization agreement with Israel, similar to those that Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, and Sudan had concluded with Israel earlier that year.; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Geography18 fields

Location: Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Mauritania; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Geographic coordinates: 28 30 N, 10 00 W; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Map references: Africa; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Area: total : 716,550 sq km land: 716,300 sq km water: 250 sq km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Area - comparative: slightly larger than twice the size of California; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Land boundaries: total: 3,523.5 km border countries (3): Algeria 1,941 km; Mauritania 1,564 km; Spain (Ceuta) 8 km and Spain (Melilla) 10.5 km note: an additional 75-meter border segment exists between Morocco and the Spanish exclave of Penon de Velez de la Gomera; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Coastline: 2,945 km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Climate: Mediterranean in the north, becoming more extreme in the interior; in the south, hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew note: data does not include former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Terrain: mountainous northern coast (Rif Mountains) and interior (Atlas Mountains) bordered by large plateaus with intermontane valleys, and fertile coastal plains; the south is mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Elevation: highest point: Jebel Toubkal 4,165 m lowest point: Sebkha Tah -59 m mean elevation: 909 m; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Natural resources: phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Land use: agricultural land: 66.7% (2023 est.) arable land: 15.4% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 4.3% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 47.1% (2023 est.) forest: 12.8% (2023 est.) other: 20.3% (2023 est.) note: does not include the area of the former Western Sahara, which is almost exclusively desert; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Irrigated land: 17,645 sq km (2019); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Major rivers (by length in km): Draa - 1,100 km; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Population distribution: the highest population density is found along the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts; a number of densely populated agglomerations are scattered through the Atlas Mountains, as shown in this population distribution map; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Natural hazards: in the north, the mountains are geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts; windstorms; flash floods; landslides; in the south, a hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Geography - note: strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar; the only African nation to have both Atlantic and Mediterranean coastlines; the waters off the Atlantic coast are particularly rich fishing areas; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

People and Society34 fields

Population: total: 37,387,585 (2024 est.) male: 18,664,263 female: 18,723,322; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Nationality: noun: Moroccan(s) adjective: Moroccan; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Ethnic groups: Arab-Amazigh 99%, other 1% note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Languages: Arabic (official), Tamazight languages (Tamazight (official), Tachelhit, Tarifit), French (often the language of business, government, and diplomacy) major-language sample(s): كتاب ديال لحقائق متاع العالم، احسن مصدر متاع المعلومات الأساسية (Arabic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. note: the proportion of Tamazight speakers is disputed; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Religions: Muslim 99% (official; virtually all Sunni, <0.1% Shia), other 1% (includes Christian, Jewish, and Baha'i); note - Jewish about 3,000-3,500 (2020 est.) note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Age structure: 0-14 years: 25.7% (male 4,898,154/female 4,701,786) 15-64 years: 65.9% (male 12,236,752/female 12,410,567) 65 years and over: 8.4% (2024 est.) (male 1,529,357/female 1,610,969); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 51.7 (2024 est.) youth dependency ratio: 38.9 (2024 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 12.7 (2024 est.) potential support ratio: 7.8 (2024 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Median age: total: 30.9 years (2025 est.) male: 30.1 years female: 31 years; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Population growth rate: 0.81% (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Birth rate: 16.5 births/1,000 population (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Death rate: 6.66 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Net migration rate: -1.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Population distribution: the highest population density is found along the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts; a number of densely populated agglomerations are scattered through the Atlas Mountains, as shown in this population distribution map; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Urbanization: urban population: 65.1% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.88% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) note: data does not include former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Major urban areas - population: 3.893 million Casablanca, 1.959 million RABAT (capital), 1.290 million Fes, 1.314 million Tangier, 1.050 million Marrakech, 979,000 Agadir (2023); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2024 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Maternal mortality ratio: 70 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Infant mortality rate: total: 17.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 20.4 deaths/1,000 live births female: 16 deaths/1,000 live births; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 74.2 years (2024 est.) male: 72.5 years female: 76 years; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Total fertility rate: 2.24 children born/woman (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Gross reproduction rate: 1.09 (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Drinking water source: urban: 98.8% of population (2022 est.) rural: 65.6% of population (2022 est.) total: 87% of population (2022 est.) urban: 1.2% of population (2022 est.) rural: 34.4% of population (2022 est.) total: 13% of population (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Health expenditure: 5.7% of GDP (2021) 6.8% of national budget (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Physician density: 0.74 physicians/1,000 population (2021); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Hospital bed density: 0.7 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.) note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Sanitation facility access: urban: 98.2% of population (2022 est.) rural: 72.4% of population (2022 est.) total: 89.1% of population (2022 est.) urban: 1.8% of population (2022 est.) rural: 27.6% of population (2022 est.) total: 10.9% of population (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 26.1% (2016); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Alcohol consumption per capita: total: 0.51 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 0.18 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 0.24 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Tobacco use: total: 12.3% (2025 est.) male: 23.7% (2025 est.) female: 0.9% (2025 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 3% (2019 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Currently married women (ages 15-49): 58% (2018 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Child marriage: women married by age 15: 0.5% (2018) women married by age 18: 13.7% (2018); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Education expenditure: 6% of GDP (2023 est.) 23.3% national budget (2024 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 15 years (2023 est.) male: 15 years (2023 est.) female: 15 years (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Environment12 fields

Environmental issues: in the north: land degradation and desertification, with soil erosion from farming, overgrazing, and vegetation removal; water and soil pollution from industrial-waste dumping; in the south: desertification; overgrazing; sparse water note: data does not include former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
International environmental agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Climate: Mediterranean in the north, becoming more extreme in the interior; in the south, hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew note: data does not include former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Land use: agricultural land: 66.7% (2023 est.) arable land: 15.4% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 4.3% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 47.1% (2023 est.) forest: 12.8% (2023 est.) other: 20.3% (2023 est.) note: does not include the area of the former Western Sahara, which is almost exclusively desert; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Urbanization: urban population: 65.1% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.88% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) note: data does not include former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Carbon dioxide emissions: 64.173 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 23.024 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 39.329 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 1.82 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Particulate matter emissions: 13.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Methane emissions: energy: 36.6 kt (2022-2024 est.) agriculture: 283.7 kt (2019-2021 est.) waste: 377.5 kt (2019-2021 est.) other: 4.5 kt (2019-2021 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 6.852 million tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 25.4% (2022 est.) note: data does not include former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Total water withdrawal: municipal: 1.063 billion cubic meters (2022 est.) industrial: 212 million cubic meters (2022 est.) agricultural: 9.156 billion cubic meters (2022 est.) note: data does not include former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Total renewable water resources: 29 billion cubic meters (2022 est.) note: data does not include former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Geoparks: total global geoparks and regional networks: 1 global geoparks and regional networks: M'Goun (2023); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Government25 fields

Country name: conventional long form: Kingdom of Morocco conventional short form: Morocco local long form: Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah local short form: Al Maghrib former: French Protectorate in Morocco, Spanish Protectorate in Morocco, Ifni, Spanish Sahara, Western Sahara etymology: the English name of Morocco derives from, respectively, the Spanish and Portuguese names Marruecos and Marrocos, which stem from Marrakesh, the Latin name for the former capital of ancient Morocco; the Arabic name, Al Maghrib, translates as "The West"; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Government type: parliamentary constitutional monarchy; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Capital: name: Rabat geographic coordinates: 34 01 N, 6 49 W time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: derives from the Arabic name Ribat el-Fath, from the words ribat (fortified monastery) and fath (conquest); the third Almohad sultan, Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Manṣur, gave the name to a fort on the site in the 12th century; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Administrative divisions: 12 regions; Beni Mellal-Khenifra, Casablanca-Settat, Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab, Draa-Tafilalet, Fes-Meknes, Guelmim-Oued Noun, Laayoune-Sakia El Hamra, Marrakech-Safi, Oriental, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Souss-Massa, Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima note: effective 10 December 2020, the US government recognizes Morocco's sovereignty over the territory of former Western Sahara; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Legal system: mixed system of civil law based on French civil law and Islamic (sharia) law; Constitutional Court reviews legislative acts; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Constitution: history: several previous; latest drafted 17 June 2011, approved by referendum 1 July 2011 amendment process: proposed by the king, by the prime minister, or by members in either chamber of Parliament; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by both chambers and approval in a referendum; the king can opt to submit self-initiated proposals directly to a referendum; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Morocco; if the father is unknown or stateless, the mother must be a citizen dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Executive branch: chief of state: King MOHAMMED VI (since 30 July 1999) head of government: Prime Minister Aziz AKHANNOUCH (since 7 October 2021) cabinet: Council of Ministers chosen by the prime minister in consultation with Parliament and appointed by the monarch; the monarch chooses the ministers of Interior, Foreign Affairs, Islamic Affairs, and National Defense Administration election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; monarch appoints the prime minister from the majority party following legislative elections; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Legislative branch: legislature name: Parliament (Barlaman) legislative structure: bicameral; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Legislative branch - lower chamber: chamber name: House of Representatives (Majliss-annouwab) number of seats: 395 (all directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 5 years most recent election date: 9/8/2021 parties elected and seats per party: National Rally of Independents (RNI) (102); Authenticity and Modernity Party (PAM) (87); Istiqlal Party (PI) (81); Socialist Union of Popular Forces (USFP) (34); Popular Movement (MP) (28); Progress and Socialism Party (PPS) (22); Other (41) percentage of women in chamber: 24.3% expected date of next election: September 2026; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Legislative branch - upper chamber: chamber name: House of Councillors (Majlis al-Mustacharin) number of seats: 120 (all indirectly elected) scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 6 years most recent election date: 10/5/2021 percentage of women in chamber: 11.7% expected date of next election: October 2027; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Judicial branch: highest court(s): Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of 5-judge panels organized into civil, family matters, commercial, administrative, social, and criminal sections); Constitutional Court (consists of 12 members) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the Superior Council of Judicial Power, a 20-member body presided over by the monarch, which includes the Supreme Court president, the prosecutor general, representatives of the appeals and first instance courts (among them 1 woman magistrate), the president of the National Council for Human Rights (CNDH), and 5 "notable persons" appointed by the monarch; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Court members - 6 designated by the monarch and 6 elected by Parliament; court president appointed by the monarch from among the court members; members serve 9-year nonrenewable terms subordinate courts: courts of appeal; High Court of Justice; administrative and commercial courts; regional and Sadad courts (for religious, civil and administrative, and penal adjudication); first instance courts; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Political parties: Action Party or PA Amal (hope) Party An-Nahj Ad-Dimocrati or An-Nahj or Democratic Way Authenticity and Modernity Party or PAM Constitutional Union Party or UC Democratic and Social Movement or MDS Democratic Forces Front or FFD Environment and Sustainable Development Party or PEDD Federation of the Democratic Left or FGD Green Left Party or PGV Istiqlal (Independence) Party or PI Moroccan Liberal Party or PML Moroccan Union for Democracy or UMD National Democratic Party National Rally of Independents or RNI Neo-Democrats Party Party of Development Reform or PRD Party of Justice and Development or PJD Party of Liberty and Social Justice or PLJS Party of Progress and Socialism or PPS Popular Movement or MP Renaissance and Virtue Party or PRV Renaissance Party Renewal and Equity Party or PRE Shoura (consultation) and Istiqlal Party Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP Unified Socialist Party or GSU Unity and Democracy Party; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Youssef AMRANI (since 27 February 2024) chancery: 3508 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 462-7979 FAX: [1] (202) 265-0161 email address and website: washingtonembmorocco@maec.gov.ma Embassy of the Kingdom of Morocco in the United States (diplomatie.ma) consulate(s) general: New York; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Richard Duke BUCHAN III (since 3 December 2025) embassy: Km 5.7 Avenue Mohammed VI, Souissi, Rabat 10170 mailing address: 9400 Rabat Place, Washington DC 20521-9400 telephone: [212] 0537-637-200 FAX: [212] 0537-637-201 email address and website: https://ma.usembassy.gov/ consulate(s) general: Casablanca; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
International organization participation: ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AIIB, AMF, AMU, AU, CAEU, CD, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, SICA (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNSC (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Independence: 2 March 1956 (from France); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
National holiday: Throne Day (accession of King MOHAMMED VI to the throne), 30 July (1999); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Flag: description: red with a green pentacle (five-pointed linear star) known as Sulayman's (Solomon's) seal in the center of the flag meaning: red and green are traditional colors in Arab flags, although the use of red is more commonly associated with the Arab states of the Persian Gulf; the pentacle represents the five pillars of Islam and the association between God and the nation history: the design dates to 1912; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
National symbol(s): pentacle symbol, lion; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
National color(s): red, green; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
National anthem(s): title: "Hymne Cherifien" (Hymn of the Sharif) lyrics/music: Ali Squalli HOUSSAINI/Leo MORGAN history: music adopted 1956, lyrics adopted 1970; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 9 (all cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Medina of Fez; Medina of Marrakesh; Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou; Historic City of Meknes; Archaeological Site of Volubilis; Medina of Tétouan (formerly known as Titawin); Medina of Essaouira (formerly Mogador); Portuguese City of Mazagan (El Jadida); Historic and Modern Rabat; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Economy30 fields

Economic overview: lower middle-income North African economy; ongoing recovery from recent drought and earthquake; rebounding via tourism, manufacturing, and raw materials processing; significant trade and investment with EU; reform programs include fiscal rebalancing, state enterprise governance and private sector investments; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): $350.594 billion (2024 est.) $339.603 billion (2023 est.) $328.425 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Real GDP growth rate: 3.2% (2024 est.) 3.4% (2023 est.) 1.5% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Real GDP per capita: $9,100 (2024 est.) $8,900 (2023 est.) $8,700 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
GDP (official exchange rate): $154.431 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1% (2024 est.) 6.1% (2023 est.) 6.7% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 10.1% (2024 est.) industry: 24.1% (2024 est.) services: 54.1% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 61.3% (2024 est.) government consumption: 18% (2024 est.) investment in fixed capital: 26.1% (2024 est.) investment in inventories: 3.8% (2024 est.) exports of goods and services: 43.3% (2024 est.) imports of goods and services: -52.5% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Agricultural products: wheat, milk, potatoes, sugar beets, tomatoes, barley, olives, apples, tangerines/mandarins, onions (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Industries: automotive parts, phosphate mining and processing, aerospace, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, energy, tourism; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Industrial production growth rate: 5% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Labor force: 12.475 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Unemployment rate: 9% (2024 est.) 9.1% (2023 est.) 9.5% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24): total: 22.1% (2024 est.) male: 22% (2024 est.) female: 22.4% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Population below poverty line: 3.9% (2022 est.) note: % of population with income below national poverty line; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Average household expenditures: on food: 34.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.) on alcohol and tobacco: 2.1% of household expenditures (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Remittances: 8.1% of GDP (2023 est.) 8.5% of GDP (2022 est.) 7.7% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Budget: revenues: $38.458 billion (2023 est.) expenditures: $44.819 billion (2023 est.) note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Public debt: 64.9% of GDP (2016 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Taxes and other revenues: 21% (of GDP) (2023 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Current account balance: -$891.222 million (2023 est.) -$4.8 billion (2022 est.) -$3.349 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Exports: $61.746 billion (2023 est.) $58.575 billion (2022 est.) $47.09 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Exports - partners: Spain 20%, France 17%, Germany 6%, UK 5%, Italy 4% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Exports - commodities: fertilizers, cars, garments, insulated wire, tomatoes (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Imports: $73.759 billion (2023 est.) $73.81 billion (2022 est.) $60.215 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Imports - partners: Spain 16%, China 11%, France 10%, USA 9%, Turkey 5% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Imports - commodities: refined petroleum, cars, vehicle parts/accessories, natural gas, coal (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $37.134 billion (2024 est.) $36.328 billion (2023 est.) $32.314 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Debt - external: $42.262 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Exchange rates: Moroccan dirhams (MAD) per US dollar - 9.942 (2024 est.) 10.131 (2023 est.) 10.161 (2022 est.) 8.988 (2021 est.) 9.497 (2020 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Energy7 fields

Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Electricity: installed generating capacity: 14.615 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 36.379 billion kWh (2023 est.) exports: 462 million kWh (2023 est.) imports: 2.311 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 7.781 billion kWh (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Electricity generation sources: fossil fuels: 78.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) wind: 15.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 0.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Coal: consumption: 10.304 million metric tons (2023 est.) exports: 25 metric tons (2023 est.) imports: 10.344 million metric tons (2023 est.) proven reserves: 96 million metric tons (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Petroleum: total petroleum production: 25 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 296,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 684,000 barrels (2021 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Natural gas: production: 55.473 million cubic meters (2023 est.) consumption: 912.277 million cubic meters (2023 est.) imports: 861.38 million cubic meters (2023 est.) proven reserves: 1.444 billion cubic meters (2021 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Energy consumption per capita: 23.52 million Btu/person (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Communications6 fields

Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions: 2.874 million (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 8 (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions: 55.9 million (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 137 (2021 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Broadcast media: 2 TV broadcast networks with state-run Radio-Television Marocaine (RTM) operating one network and the state partially owning the other; foreign TV is available via satellite dish; 3 radio broadcast networks, with RTM operating one; the state-owned network includes 10 regional radio channels in addition to its national service (2019); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Internet country code: .ma; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Internet users: percent of population: 91% (2023 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total: 2.42 million (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 6 (2022 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Transportation6 fields

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: CN; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Airports: 48 (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Heliports: 17 (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Railways: total: 2,067 km (2014) standard gauge: 2,067 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (1,022 km electrified); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Merchant marine: total: 94 (2023) by type: container ship 6, general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 81; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Ports: total ports: 12 (2024) large: 3 medium: 1 small: 3 very small: 5 ports with oil terminals: 2 key ports: Agadir, Casablanca, Tanger, Tangier-Mediterranean; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Military and Security7 fields

Military and security forces: Royal Moroccan Armed Forces (FAR): Royal Moroccan Army (includes the Moroccan Royal Guard), Royal Moroccan Navy (includes Coast Guard, marines), Royal Moroccan Air Force, Moroccan Royal Guard, Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie Ministry of Interior: General Directorate for National Security (DGSN; aka National Police), Auxiliary Forces (2025) note 1: the Royal Guard is officially part of the Army but is under the direct operational control of the Royal Military Household of His Majesty the King; it provides for the security and safety of the King and royal family; it was established in the 11th century and is considered one of the world's oldest active units still in military service note 2: the DGSN manages internal law enforcement in cities; the Gendarmerie is responsible for law enforcement in rural regions and on national highways and has a counterterrorism role; the Auxiliary Forces provide support to the Gendarmerie and DGSN; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Military expenditures: 4% of GDP (2024 est.) 4% of GDP (2023 est.) 4.5% of GDP (2022 est.) 4.5% of GDP (2021 est.) 4.5% of GDP (2020 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Military and security service personnel strengths: estimated 220,000 active Armed Forces (175,000 Army; 10,000 Navy; 15,000 Air Force, 20,000 Gendarmerie) (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions: the Moroccan military's inventory is mostly a mix of older and some more modern armaments from France and the US (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Military service age and obligation: 19-25 years of age for 12-month compulsory and voluntary military service for men and women (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Military deployments: 775 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 890 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source
Military - note: the Royal Armed Forces (FAR) are responsible for protecting Morocco’s national interests, sovereignty, and territorial integrity; key areas of concern for the FAR include international terrorism, maritime security, and regional challenges such as the Polisario Front in Western Sahara and Algeria; the Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of Saguia el Hamra and Rio de Oro), an organization that seeks the independence of Western Sahara, disputes Morocco’s claim of sovereignty over the territory; Moroccan and Polisario forces fought intermittently from 1975, when Spain relinquished colonial authority over the territory, until a 1991 cease-fire and the establishment of a UN peacekeeping mission; the Polisario withdrew from the cease-fire in November 2020, and since then there have been reports of low-intensity hostilities between Morocco and the Polisario Front across the 2,500-kilometer-long berm built in 1987 that separates the two sides; Algeria is seen as a regional rival and has openly backed the Polisario Front the FAR participates in international peacekeeping operations, as well as both bilateral and multinational training exercises; it has relations with a variety of partners including the militaries of France, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Spain, and the US, as well as NATO, the Arab League, and the African Union; Morocco has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation the FAR was created in May 1956; Moroccans were recruited for service in the Spahi and Tirailleur regiments of the French Army during the period of the French protectorate (1912-1956), and Moroccans fought under the French Army during both World Wars, as well as the First Indochina War (1946-1954); the Spanish Army recruited Moroccans from the Spanish Protectorate during both the Rif War (1921-26) and the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) was established by Security Council resolution 690 in April 1991 in accordance with settlement proposals accepted in August 1988 by Morocco and the Polisario Front; MINURSO was unable to carry out all the original settlement proposals, but continues to monitor the cease-fire and reduce the threat of mines and unexploded ordnance, and has provided logistic support to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) (2025); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Terrorism1 fields

Terrorist group(s): Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide; CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

Transnational Issues1 fields

Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees: 18,848 (2024 est.) IDPs: 256 (2024 est.); CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-09 · source

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Morocco at a glance

Morocco through time

Admitted to the United Nations

Changes since the final CIA profile

People, economy, and access

Maintained profile