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Standard American Almanac

World · permanent entity record · XP

Paracel Islands

Thirty-second orientation

Paracel Islands at a glance

Population
total: 2,230 (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-19
Area
total : 8 sq km ca. land: 7.75 sq km ca. water: 0 sq km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of 2026-01-19

Claims are attributed · classifications are dated

Claims and contested status

A claim’s appearance records that the cited source reports it. It does not constitute an Almanac ruling on sovereignty.

Maintained profile

Classification
Dependency or area of special sovereignty
U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty · Federal classification and wording follow the current State Department register.
Sovereignty or administration
Undetermined
U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty ·
Administrative center
None
U.S. Department of State, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty ·

Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data

Final CIA World Factbook profile

This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.

CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b

Introduction1 fields
Background
The Paracel Islands are surrounded by productive fishing grounds and potential oil and gas reserves. In 1932, French Indochina annexed the islands and set up a weather station on Pattle Island. China has occupied all the Paracel Islands since 1974, when its troops seized a South Vietnamese garrison occupying the western islands. China has built a military installation on Woody Island with an airfield and artificial harbor, and it has scattered garrisons on some of the other islands. Taiwan and Vietnam also claim the Paracel Islands.
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography16 fields
Location
Southeastern Asia, group of small islands and reefs in the South China Sea, about one-third of the way from central Vietnam to the northern Philippines
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geographic coordinates
16 30 N, 112 00 E
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Map references
Southeast Asia
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Area
total : 8 sq km ca. land: 7.75 sq km ca. water: 0 sq km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Area - comparative
land area is about 13 times the size of the National Mall in Washington, D.C.
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land boundaries
total: 0 km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Coastline
518 km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Climate
tropical
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Terrain
mostly low and flat
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Elevation
highest point: unnamed location on Rocky Island 14 m lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural resources
none
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land use
other: 100% (2018 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Irrigated land
0 sq km (2022)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population distribution
a population of over 1,000 Chinese resides on Woody Island, the largest of the Paracels; there are scattered Chinese garrisons on some other islands
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural hazards
typhoons
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography - note
composed of 130 small coral islands and reefs divided into the northeast Amphitrite Group and the western Crescent Group
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society4 fields
Population
total: 2,230 (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population growth rate
0.75% (2021 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Net migration rate
-0.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population distribution
a population of over 1,000 Chinese resides on Woody Island, the largest of the Paracels; there are scattered Chinese garrisons on some other islands
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment3 fields
Environmental issues
harm to reef systems from China's use of dredged sand and coral to build artificial islands; damage to ecosystem from human activities, including military operations, infrastructure construction, and tourism
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Climate
tropical
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land use
other: 100% (2018 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government1 fields
Country name
conventional long form: none conventional short form: Paracel Islands
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation2 fields
Airports
2 (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Heliports
7 (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security1 fields
Military - note
occupied by China, which is assessed to maintain 20 outposts or bases in the Paracels (Antelope, Bombay, and North reefs; Drummond, Duncan, Lincoln, Middle, Money, North, Pattle, Quanfu, Robert, South, Tree, Triton, Woody, and Yagong islands; South Sand and West Sand; Observation Bank); Woody Island is the main military base and includes an airstrip with aircraft hangers, naval facilities, surveillance radars, and defenses such as surface-to-air missiles and anti-ship cruise missiles (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source

The underlying United States government material is public domain. The Almanac’s reuse terms do not change the legal status of this preserved source layer.