World · permanent entity record · PA
Paraguay
Thirty-second orientation
Paraguay at a glance
- Capital
- Asunción
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Paraguayan(s); adjective: Paraguayan
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Government
- presidential republic
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
- Languages
- Spanish (official) and Guarani (official) 46.3%, only Guarani 34%, only Spanish 15.2%, other (includes Portuguese, German, other Indigenous languages) 4.1%, no response 0.4% (2012 est.)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history
Paraguay through time
Admitted to the United Nations
Paraguay became a member of the United Nations.
United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04
Source history · changed fields only
Changes since the final CIA profile
| Field | Maintained Almanac value | Final CIA profile |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 7,013,078World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025 | total: 7,604,044 (2025 est.) male: 3,809,407 female: 3,794,637CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-18 |
A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.
World Development Indicators · latest available observation
People, economy, and access
Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.
- Gross domestic product
- $49.3 billion
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Gross domestic product per person
- $7,027
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Life expectancy at birth
- 74.0 years
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Urban population
- 70.4%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Access to electricity
- 99.8%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- People using the internet
- 81.6%
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Source footnote: Source and notes: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Retrieved 2026-09-08.
World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.
Maintained profile
- Capital
- Asunción
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
- Area
- 406,752 sq km
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
- Population
- 7,013,078
- World Bank, World Development Indicators · World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
- Currency
- guarani (PYG)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
- Languages
- Spanish (official) and Guarani (official) 46.3%, only Guarani 34%, only Spanish 15.2%, other (includes Portuguese, German, other Indigenous languages) 4.1%, no response 0.4% (2012 est.)
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
- Nationality / demonym
- noun: Paraguayan(s); adjective: Paraguayan
- CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
- Continent
- South America
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “South America.”
- Coastline
- 0 km (landlocked)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Climate
- subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Religions
- Roman Catholic 80.4%, Protestant 7% (Evangelical (non-specific) 6.7%, Evangelical Pentecostal <0.1%, Adventist <0.1%, Protestant (non-specific) <0.1%), Believer (not belonging to the church) 5.7%, other 0.6%, agnostic <0.1%, none 0.2%, unspecified 6.2% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Flag colors
- red, white, blue, yellow, green
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
- National symbol
- lion
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Highest point
- Cerro Pero · 2,762 ft (842 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- Lowest point
- junction of Río Paraguay and Río Paraná · 151 ft (46 m)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
- NATO membership
- Not a member
- NATO, What is NATO? · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
- BRICS membership
- Not a member
- BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data
Final CIA World Factbook profile
This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b
Introduction1 fields
- Background
- Several Indigenous groups, principally belonging to the Guarani language family, inhabited the area of modern Paraguay before the arrival of the Spanish in the early 16th century, when the territory was incorporated into the Viceroyalty of Peru. Paraguay achieved its independence from Spain in 1811 with the help of neighboring states. In the aftermath of independence, a series of military dictators ruled the country until 1870. During the disastrous War of the Triple Alliance (1864-70) -- fought against Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay -- Paraguay lost two thirds of its adult males and much of its territory. The country stagnated economically for the next half-century and experienced a tumultuous series of political regimes. Following the Chaco War of 1932-35 with Bolivia, Paraguay gained a large part of the Chaco lowland region. The 35-year military dictatorship of Alfredo STROESSNER ended in 1989, and Paraguay has held relatively free and regular presidential elections since the country's return to democracy.
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography20 fields
- Location
- Central South America, northeast of Argentina, southwest of Brazil
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area
- total : 406,752 sq km land: 397,302 sq km water: 9,450 sq km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Area - comparative
- about three times the size of New York State; slightly smaller than California
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land boundaries
- total: 4,655 km border countries (3): Argentina 2,531 km; Bolivia 753 km; Brazil 1,371 km
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Terrain
- grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio Paraguay; Gran Chaco region west of Rio Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Elevation
- highest point: Cerro Pero 842 m lowest point: junction of Río Paraguay and Río Paraná 46 m mean elevation: 178 m
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Natural resources
- hydropower, timber, iron ore, manganese, limestone
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 54.1% (2023 est.) arable land: 11.5% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0.2% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 42.4% (2023 est.) forest: 36.9% (2023 est.) other: 7% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Major rivers (by length in km)
- Río de la Plata/Paraná (shared with Brazil [s], Argentina, and Uruguay [m]) - 4,880 km; Paraguay river mouth (shared with Brazil [s] and Argentina) - 2,549 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Major watersheds (area sq km)
- Atlantic Ocean drainage: Paraná (2,582,704 sq km)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- most of the population resides in the eastern half of the country; to the west lies the Gran Chaco (a semi-arid lowland plain), which accounts for 60% of the land territory, but only 2% of the overall population
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Natural hazards
- local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Geography - note
- landlocked; lies between Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil; population concentrated in eastern and southern part of country
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society35 fields
- Population
- total: 7,604,044 (2025 est.) male: 3,809,407 female: 3,794,637
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Nationality
- noun: Paraguayan(s) adjective: Paraguayan
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ethnic groups
- Mestizo (mixed Spanish and Indigenous ancestry) 95%, other 5%
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Languages
- Spanish (official) and Guarani (official) 46.3%, only Guarani 34%, only Spanish 15.2%, other (includes Portuguese, German, other Indigenous languages) 4.1%, no response 0.4% (2012 est.) major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. note: data represent predominant household language
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Religions
- Roman Catholic 80.4%, Protestant 7% (Evangelical (non-specific) 6.7%, Evangelical Pentecostal <0.1%, Adventist <0.1%, Protestant (non-specific) <0.1%), Believer (not belonging to the church) 5.7%, other 0.6%, agnostic <0.1%, none 0.2%, unspecified 6.2% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Age structure
- 0-14 years: 22.2% (male 850,191/female 821,237) 15-64 years: 68.4% (male 2,582,021/female 2,561,962) 65 years and over: 9.4% (2024 est.) (male 337,164/female 369,974)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 46.7 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 32.4 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 14.3 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 7 (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Median age
- total: 32.3 years (2025 est.) male: 31.6 years female: 32 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Birth rate
- 15.66 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Death rate
- 4.97 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Net migration rate
- -0.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population distribution
- most of the population resides in the eastern half of the country; to the west lies the Gran Chaco (a semi-arid lowland plain), which accounts for 60% of the land territory, but only 2% of the overall population
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 63.1% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.64% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Major urban areas - population
- 3.511 million ASUNCION (capital) (2023)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Mother's mean age at first birth
- 22.9 years (2008 est.) note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Maternal mortality ratio
- 58 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Infant mortality rate
- total: 21.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 26.1 deaths/1,000 live births female: 17.7 deaths/1,000 live births
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 78.8 years (2024 est.) male: 76.2 years female: 81.6 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total fertility rate
- 1.88 children born/woman (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Drinking water source
- urban: 99.9% of population (2022 est.) rural: 99.1% of population (2022 est.) total: 99.6% of population (2022 est.) urban: 0.1% of population (2022 est.) rural: 0.9% of population (2022 est.) total: 0.4% of population (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Health expenditure
- 8% of GDP (2021) 17.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Physician density
- 3.89 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Hospital bed density
- 1 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Sanitation facility access
- urban: 100% of population (2022 est.) rural: 94.9% of population (2022 est.) total: 98.1% of population (2022 est.) urban: 0% of population (2022 est.) rural: 5.1% of population (2022 est.) total: 1.9% of population (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Alcohol consumption per capita
- total: 5.47 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 3.27 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 0.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 1.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Tobacco use
- total: 9.3% (2025 est.) male: 15.5% (2025 est.) female: 3.3% (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Children under the age of 5 years underweight
- 1.3% (2016 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Currently married women (ages 15-49)
- 54.8% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Child marriage
- women married by age 15: 3.6% (2016) women married by age 18: 21.6% (2016)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Education expenditure
- 3.4% of GDP (2023 est.) 11.7% national budget (2025 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Literacy
- total population: 94.9% (2024 est.) male: 95.4% (2024 est.) female: 94.3% (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment11 fields
- Environmental issues
- deforestation; water pollution; toxic dumping in rivers and streams; loss of wetlands; inadequate means for waste disposal in urban areas
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International environmental agreements
- party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban, Tropical Timber 2006
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Climate
- subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Land use
- agricultural land: 54.1% (2023 est.) arable land: 11.5% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0.2% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 42.4% (2023 est.) forest: 36.9% (2023 est.) other: 7% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Urbanization
- urban population: 63.1% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.64% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Carbon dioxide emissions
- 7.509 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 2,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 7.507 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Particulate matter emissions
- 12.5 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Methane emissions
- energy: 37.3 kt (2022-2024 est.) agriculture: 813 kt (2019-2021 est.) waste: 101.2 kt (2019-2021 est.) other: 10 kt (2019-2021 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Waste and recycling
- municipal solid waste generated annually: 1.819 million tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 18.1% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total water withdrawal
- municipal: 362 million cubic meters (2022 est.) industrial: 154 million cubic meters (2022 est.) agricultural: 1.897 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Total renewable water resources
- 387.77 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government25 fields
- Country name
- conventional long form: Republic of Paraguay conventional short form: Paraguay local long form: República del Paraguay local short form: Paraguay etymology: derives from the river of the same name; the river's name may come from the Guarani words para (water or river) and guay (born)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Capital
- name: Asunción geographic coordinates: 25 16 S, 57 40 W time difference: UTC-3 (2 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: the name means "assumption" in Spanish; the Spanish founded the city on August 15, 1537, the Catholic feast day for the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Administrative divisions
- 17 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 capital city*; Alto Paraguay, Alto Parana, Amambay, Asuncion*, Boquerón, Caaguazú, Caazapá, Canindeyú, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guairá, Itapúa, Misiones, Ñeembucú, Paraguarí, Presidente Hayes, San Pedro
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legal system
- civil law system with influences from Argentine, Spanish, Roman, and French civil law models; Supreme Court of Justice reviews legislative acts
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Constitution
- history: several previous; latest approved and promulgated 20 June 1992 amendment process: proposed at the initiative of at least one quarter of either chamber of the National Congress, by the president of the republic, or by petition of at least 30,000 voters; passage requires a two-thirds majority vote by both chambers and approval in a referendum
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International law organization participation
- accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Citizenship
- citizenship by birth: yes citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a native-born citizen of Paraguay dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 3 years
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Suffrage
- 18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 75
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Santiago PEÑA Palacios (since 15 August 2023) head of government: President Santiago PEÑA Palacios (since 15 August 2023) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president election/appointment process: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple-majority popular vote for a single 5-year term most recent election date: 30 April 2023 election results: 2023: Santiago PEÑA Palacios elected president; percent of vote - Santiago PEÑA Palacios (ANR) 43.9%, Efraín ALEGRE (PLRA) 28.3%, Paraguayo "Payo" CUBAS Colomés (PCN) 23.6%, other 4.2% 2018: Mario ABDO BENÍTEZ elected president; percent of vote - Mario ABDO BENÍTEZ (ANR) 49%, Efraín ALEGRE (PLRA) 45.1%, other 5.9% expected date of next election: April 2028 note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch
- legislature name: Congress (Congreso) legislative structure: bicameral
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch - lower chamber
- chamber name: Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados) number of seats: 80 (all directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 5 years most recent election date: 4/30/2023 parties elected and seats per party: National Republican Association/Colorado Party (ANR) (48); Authentic Radical Liberal Party (PLRA) - Alliances (23); National Crusade Party (CN) (4); Other (5) percentage of women in chamber: 23.8% expected date of next election: April 2028
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Legislative branch - upper chamber
- chamber name: Senate (Cámara de Senadores) number of seats: 45 (all directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 5 years most recent election date: 4/30/2023 parties elected and seats per party: National Republican Association/Colorado Party (ANR) (23); Authentic Radical Liberal Party (PLRA) - Alliances (12); National Crusade Party (CN) (5); Other (5) percentage of women in chamber: 22.2% expected date of next election: April 2028
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Judicial branch
- highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (consists of 9 justices divided 3 each into the Constitutional Court, Civil and Commercial Chamber, and Criminal Division) judge selection and term of office: justices proposed by the Council of Magistrates or Consejo de la Magistratura, a 6-member independent body, and appointed by the Chamber of Senators with presidential concurrence; judges can serve until mandatory retirement at age 75 subordinate courts: appellate courts; first instance courts; minor courts, including justices of the peace
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Political parties
- Asociacion Nacional Republicana (National Republican Association) - Colorado Party or ANR Avanza Pais coalition or AP Frente Guasu (Broad Front coalition) or FG GANAR Alliance (Great Renewed National Alliance) (alliance between PLRA and Guasú Front) Movimiento Hagamos or MH Movimiento Union Nacional de Ciudadanos Eticos (National Union of Ethical Citizens) or UNACE Partido Cruzada Nacional (National Crusade Party) or PCN; note - formerly Movimiento Cruzada Nacional Partido del Movimiento al Socialismo or P-MAS Partido Democratica Progresista (Progressive Democratic Party) or PDP Partido Encuentro Nacional or PEN Partido Liberal Radical Autentico (Authentic Radical Liberal Party) or PLRA Partido Pais Solidario or PPS Partido Popular Tekojoja or PPT Patria Querida (Beloved Fatherland Party) or PPQ
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation in the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Gustavo Alfredo LEITE Gusinky (since 5 September 2025) chancery: 2209 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 483-6960 FAX: [1] (202) 234-4508 email address and website: gabineteembaparusa@mre.gov.py Embajada de la República del Paraguay ante los Estados Unidos de América :: The Embassy (mre.gov.py) consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, Miami, New York
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Diplomatic representation from the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Robert ALTER (since July 2025) embassy: 1776 Mariscal Lopez Avenue, Asuncion mailing address: 3020 Asuncion Place, Washington DC 20521-3020 telephone: [595] (21) 248-3000 FAX: [595] (21) 213-728 email address and website: ParaguayACS@state.gov https://py.usembassy.gov/
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- International organization participation
- CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, PROSUR, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHRC, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Independence
- 14-15 May 1811 (from Spain) note: the uprising against Spanish authorities took place during the night of 14-15 May 1811, so both days are celebrated in Paraguay
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National holiday
- Independence Day, 14-15 May (1811) (observed 15 May); 14 May is celebrated as Flag Day
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Flag
- description: three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue, with an emblem centered on the white band; the emblem on one side of the flag is the national coat of arms, which has a five-pointed yellow star in a green wreath with the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY around it, all inside two circles; the other side of the flag has a circular treasury seal (a yellow lion below a red Cap of Liberty and the words PAZ Y JUSTICIA) meaning: red stands for bravery and patriotism, white for integrity and peace, and blue for liberty and generosity note 1: resembles the flag of the Netherlands, which does not have a central emblem note 2: one of three national flags that differ on each side -- the others are Moldova and Saudi Arabia
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National anthem(s)
- title: "Paraguayos, Republica o muerte!" (Paraguayans, the Republic or Death!) lyrics/music: Francisco Esteban ACUNA de Figueroa/Remberto GIMENEZ history: adopted 1846 (lyrics) and 1934 (music)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- National heritage
- total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Jesuit Missions of La Santísima Trinidad de Paraná and Jesús de Tavarangue
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Economy32 fields
- Economic overview
- upper middle-income South American economy; COVID-19 hit while still recovering from 2019 Argentina-driven recession; global hydroelectricity leader; major corruption and money-laundering locale; highly agrarian economy; significant income inequality
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
- $112.919 billion (2024 est.) $108.316 billion (2023 est.) $103.159 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP growth rate
- 4.2% (2024 est.) 5% (2023 est.) 0.2% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Real GDP per capita
- $16,300 (2024 est.) $15,800 (2023 est.) $15,300 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $44.458 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Inflation rate (consumer prices)
- 3.8% (2024 est.) 4.6% (2023 est.) 9.8% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by sector of origin
- agriculture: 10.7% (2024 est.) industry: 32.5% (2024 est.) services: 48.7% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- GDP - composition, by end use
- household consumption: 67% (2024 est.) government consumption: 12.6% (2024 est.) investment in fixed capital: 21% (2024 est.) investment in inventories: 1.8% (2024 est.) exports of goods and services: 37.2% (2024 est.) imports of goods and services: -39.6% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Agricultural products
- soybeans, sugarcane, maize, cassava, wheat, rice, milk, beef, oranges, bananas (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industries
- sugar processing, cement, textiles, beverages, wood products, steel, base metals, electric power
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Industrial production growth rate
- 2.2% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Labor force
- 3.502 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Unemployment rate
- 6.1% (2024 est.) 5.8% (2023 est.) 6.8% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
- total: 14.1% (2024 est.) male: 11% (2024 est.) female: 18.8% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Population below poverty line
- 24.7% (2022 est.) note: % of population with income below national poverty line
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
- 44.4 (2023 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Average household expenditures
- on food: 29.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.) on alcohol and tobacco: 4.2% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Household income or consumption by percentage share
- lowest 10%: 1.8% (2023 est.) highest 10%: 34.4% (2023 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Remittances
- 2% of GDP (2024 est.) 1.7% of GDP (2023 est.) 1.4% of GDP (2022 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Budget
- revenues: $7.751 billion (2023 est.) expenditures: $9.397 billion (2023 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Taxes and other revenues
- 10.1% (of GDP) (2023 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Current account balance
- -$1.666 billion (2024 est.) -$176.597 million (2023 est.) -$2.948 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports
- $17.395 billion (2024 est.) $18.581 billion (2023 est.) $14.971 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - partners
- Argentina 33%, Brazil 25%, Chile 10%, USA 2%, Uruguay 2% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exports - commodities
- soybeans, beef, electricity, corn, soybean meal (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports
- $18.377 billion (2024 est.) $17.848 billion (2023 est.) $17.088 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - partners
- China 33%, Brazil 24%, USA 8%, Argentina 7%, Germany 2% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Imports - commodities
- broadcasting equipment, refined petroleum, fertilizers, cars, pesticides (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
- $9.886 billion (2023 est.) $9.519 billion (2022 est.) $9.661 billion (2021 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Debt - external
- $13.783 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Exchange rates
- guarani (PYG) per US dollar - 7,560.248 (2024 est.) 7,288.872 (2023 est.) 6,982.752 (2022 est.) 6,774.163 (2021 est.) 6,771.097 (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy6 fields
- Electricity access
- electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Electricity
- installed generating capacity: 8.928 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 14.835 billion kWh (2023 est.) exports: 24.202 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 5.209 billion kWh (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Electricity generation sources
- hydroelectricity: 99.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 0.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Coal
- consumption: 700 metric tons (2023 est.) exports: 10 metric tons (2023 est.) imports: 100 metric tons (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Petroleum
- total petroleum production: 2,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 52,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Energy consumption per capita
- 25.733 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Communications6 fields
- Telephones - fixed lines
- total subscriptions: 206,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Telephones - mobile cellular
- total subscriptions: 8.67 million (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadcast media
- 6 privately owned TV stations; about 75 commercial and community radio stations; 1 state-owned radio network (2019)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Internet users
- percent of population: 78% (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Broadband - fixed subscriptions
- total: 878,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2023 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation6 fields
- Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
- ZP
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Railways
- total: 30 km (2014) standard gauge: 30 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Merchant marine
- total: 108 (2023) by type: container ship 2, general cargo 22, oil tanker 5, other 79
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Ports
- total ports: 1 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 0 very small: 1 ports with oil terminals: 0 key ports: Puerto de Asuncion
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security6 fields
- Military and security forces
- Armed Forces of Paraguay (Fuerzas Armadas de Paraguay; aka Armed Forces of the Nation or Fuerzas Armadas de la Nación): Paraguayan Army (Ejército Paraguayo), Paraguayan Navy (Armada Paraguaya; includes marines), Paraguayan Air Force (Fuerza Aérea Paraguaya) Ministry of Internal Affairs: National Police of Paraguay (Policía Nacional del Paraguay, PNP) (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military expenditures
- 0.8% of GDP (2024 est.) 0.8% of GDP (2023 est.) 0.8% of GDP (2022 est.) 1% of GDP (2021 est.) 1% of GDP (2020 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military and security service personnel strengths
- approximately 15,000 active duty Armed Forces (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
- the military's inventory is comprised of mostly older or obsolescent equipment from a variety of foreign suppliers, particularly Brazil and the US; in recent years, the military has received small quantities of more modern equipment, such as light attack aircraft from Brazil and secondhand helicopters from Taiwan (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military service age and obligation
- 18-25 years of age for voluntary service for men and women; all men 18-25 are required to perform military service for at least 12 months (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Military - note
- the Paraguayan military is responsible for external defense and has a role in domestic security duties; it provides support for natural disasters and cooperates with the National Police and other internal security organizations in combating the Paraguayan People’s Army (Ejército del Pueblo Paraguayo or EPP) and transnational criminal organizations, largely narcotics traffickers; the EPP is a small, domestic criminal/guerrilla group operating in the rural northern part of the country along the border with Brazil; the activities of the EPP and its offshoots—Marsical López’s Army (EML) and the Armed Peasant Association (ACA)—have consisted largely of isolated attacks on remote police and army posts, or against ranchers and peasants accused of aiding Paraguayan security forces the Paraguayan military has deployed small numbers of troops on UN peacekeeping missions and cooperates with neighboring countries, such as Argentina and Brazil, on security issues, particularly organized crime and narco-trafficking in what is known as the Tri-Border Area; Paraguay has not fought a war against a neighboring country since the Chaco War with Bolivia in the 1930s (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Space3 fields
- Space agency/agencies
- Space Agency of Paraguay (Agencia Especial del Paraguay, AEP; established 2014) (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Space program overview
- has a small, recently established space program focused on the acquisition of satellites, satellite data, and the technologies and capabilities to manufacture satellites, as well as promoting domestic expertise and industry; a priority is acquiring remote sensing capabilities to support socio-economic development, including resource mapping, weather, and crop monitoring; has built a cube satellite with foreign assistance; operates satellites; cooperates with foreign space agencies and industries, including those of India, Japan, Taiwan, the US, and member states of the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency (2025)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
- Key space-program milestones
- 2017 - organized country’s first international conference on space issues 2021 - first research/technology-demonstrator cube satellite (Guaranisat-1) built jointly with Japan, launched by US, and deployed from International Space Station; signed protocols for the establishment of the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency 2025 - developing Guarani-Sat-2, which will be Paraguay's second satellite and the first designed and built domestically
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Terrorism1 fields
- Terrorist group(s)
- Hizballah note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transnational Issues1 fields
- Refugees and internally displaced persons
- refugees: 7,649 (2024 est.) IDPs: 141 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 5 (2024 est.)
- CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
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