American Language 250

Standard American Almanac

World · permanent entity record · QA

Flag of Qatar

Qatar

Thirty-second orientation

Qatar at a glance

Capital
Doha
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Population
2,972,215
World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025
Area
11,586 sq km
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Nationality / demonym
noun: Qatari(s); adjective: Qatari
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Government
absolute monarchy
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Languages
Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04

Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history

Qatar through time

  1. Admitted to the United Nations

    Qatar became a member of the United Nations.

    United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04

Source history · changed fields only

Changes since the final CIA profile

FieldMaintained Almanac valueFinal CIA profile
Population2,972,215World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025total: 2,568,426 (2025 est.) male: 1,970,605 female: 597,821CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-18

A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.

World Development Indicators · latest available observation

People, economy, and access

Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.

Gross domestic product
$215.6 billion
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Gross domestic product per person
$72,525
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Life expectancy at birth
82.5 years
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Urban population
99.4%
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Access to electricity
100.0%
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
People using the internet
98.1%
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 2026-09-08.

World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.

Maintained profile

Capital
Doha
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
Area
11,586 sq km
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
Population
2,972,215
World Bank, World Development Indicators · World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Currency
Qatari rials (QAR)
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
Languages
Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
Nationality / demonym
noun: Qatari(s); adjective: Qatari
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
Government
absolute monarchy
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json ·
UN membership
1971-09-21
United Nations, Member States ·
Continent
Asia
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “Middle East.”
Coastline
563 km
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Climate
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Religions
Muslim 65.2%, Christian 13.7%, Hindu 15.9%, Buddhist 3.8%, folk religion <0.1%, Jewish <0.1%, other <1%, unaffiliated <1% (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Flag colors
maroon, white
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
National symbol
a white serrated band with nine white points on top of a maroon field
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Highest point
Tuwayyir al Hamir · 338 ft (103 m)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Lowest point
Persian Gulf · 0 ft (0 m)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
NATO membership
Not a member
NATO, What is NATO? · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
BRICS membership
Not a member
BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.

Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data

Final CIA World Factbook profile

This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.

CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b

Introduction1 fields
Background
Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar within the last 60 years transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant hydrocarbon revenues. Former Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, who overthrew his father in a bloodless coup in 1995, ushered in wide-sweeping political and media reforms, unprecedented economic investment, and a growing Qatari regional leadership role, in part through the creation of the pan-Arab satellite news network Al-Jazeera and Qatar's mediation of some regional conflicts. In the 2000s, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, and by 2007, Doha had attained the highest per capita income in the world. Qatar did not experience domestic unrest or violence like that seen in other Near Eastern and North African countries in 2011, due in part to its immense wealth and patronage network. In mid-2013, HAMAD peacefully abdicated, transferring power to his son, the current Amir TAMIM bin Hamad. TAMIM is popular with the Qatari public for his role in shepherding the country through an economic embargo from some other regional countries, for his efforts to improve the country's healthcare and education systems, and for his expansion of the country's infrastructure in anticipation of hosting international sporting events. Qatar became the first country in the Arab world to host the FIFA Men’s World Cup in 2022. Following the outbreak of regional unrest in 2011, Doha prided itself on its support for many popular revolutions, particularly in Libya and Syria. This stance was to the detriment of Qatar’s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which temporarily recalled their respective ambassadors from Doha in 2014. TAMIM later oversaw a warming of Qatar’s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE in November 2014 following Kuwaiti mediation and signing of the Riyadh Agreement. This reconciliation, however, was short-lived. In 2017, Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE (the "Quartet") cut diplomatic and economic ties with Qatar in response to alleged violations of the agreement, among other complaints. They restored ties in 2021 after signing a declaration at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit in Al Ula, Saudi Arabia. In 2022, the United States designated Qatar as a major non-NATO ally.
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography18 fields
Location
Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geographic coordinates
25 30 N, 51 15 E
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Map references
Middle East
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Area
total : 11,586 sq km land: 11,586 sq km water: 0 sq km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Area - comparative
almost twice the size of Delaware; slightly smaller than Connecticut
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land boundaries
total: 87 km border countries (1): Saudi Arabia 87 km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Coastline
563 km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Climate
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Terrain
mostly flat and barren desert
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Elevation
highest point: Tuwayyir al Hamir 103 m lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m mean elevation: 28 m
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural resources
petroleum, fish, natural gas
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land use
agricultural land: 6.4% (2023 est.) arable land: 1.8% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 4.4% (2023 est.) forest: 0.1% (2023 est.) other: 93.4% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Irrigated land
130 sq km (2022)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Major aquifers
Arabian Aquifer System
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population distribution
most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural hazards
haze, dust storms, sandstorms common
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography - note
the peninsula occupies a strategic location in the central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society33 fields
Population
total: 2,568,426 (2025 est.) male: 1,970,605 female: 597,821
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Nationality
noun: Qatari(s) adjective: Qatari
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Ethnic groups
non-Qatari 88.4%, Qatari 11.6% (2015 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Languages
Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language major-language sample(s): كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Religions
Muslim 65.2%, Christian 13.7%, Hindu 15.9%, Buddhist 3.8%, folk religion <0.1%, Jewish <0.1%, other <1%, unaffiliated <1% (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Age structure
0-14 years: 13.1% (male 168,844/female 165,905) 15-64 years: 85.4% (male 1,767,294/female 411,977) 65 years and over: 1.5% (2024 est.) (male 24,997/female 13,071)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 17.3 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 15.4 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 1.8 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 54.4 (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Median age
total: 34.4 years (2025 est.) male: 35.7 years female: 28.1 years
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population growth rate
0.57% (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Birth rate
9.19 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Death rate
1.42 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Net migration rate
-2.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population distribution
most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Urbanization
urban population: 99.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.66% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Major urban areas - population
798,000 Ar-Rayyan, 658,000 DOHA (capital) (2023)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 4.29 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.91 male(s)/female total population: 3.32 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Maternal mortality ratio
4 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Infant mortality rate
total: 6.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.8 deaths/1,000 live births
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 80.3 years (2024 est.) male: 78.2 years female: 82.4 years
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Total fertility rate
1.9 children born/woman (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Gross reproduction rate
0.94 (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Drinking water source
total: 100% of population (2022 est.) total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Health expenditure
2.9% of GDP (2021) 7.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Physician density
3.02 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Hospital bed density
1.1 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Sanitation facility access
total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.) total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
35.1% (2016)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 0.96 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 0.07 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 0.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Tobacco use
total: 19.2% (2025 est.) male: 24.6% (2025 est.) female: 2.3% (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
2.3% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
64.6% (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Education expenditure
3.2% of GDP (2020 est.) 9.3% national budget (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 13 years (2022 est.) male: 12 years (2022 est.) female: 15 years (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment11 fields
Environmental issues
air, land, and water pollution; limited natural freshwater resources; limited conservation of oil and wildlife
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
International environmental agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Climate
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land use
agricultural land: 6.4% (2023 est.) arable land: 1.8% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 4.4% (2023 est.) forest: 0.1% (2023 est.) other: 93.4% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Urbanization
urban population: 99.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.66% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Carbon dioxide emissions
127.783 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 10,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 27.781 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 99.991 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Particulate matter emissions
59 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Methane emissions
energy: 1,040.8 kt (2022-2024 est.) agriculture: 9.5 kt (2019-2021 est.) waste: 64.7 kt (2019-2021 est.) other: 5.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 1.001 million tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 6% (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Total water withdrawal
municipal: 582.862 million cubic meters (2022) industrial: 40.18 million cubic meters (2022) agricultural: 311.156 million cubic meters (2022)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Total renewable water resources
58 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government23 fields
Country name
conventional long form: State of Qatar conventional short form: Qatar local long form: Dawlat Qatar local short form: Qatar etymology: the name may derive from the Arabic word katran, meaning "tar" or "resin" in reference to the area's oil and natural gas reserves note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation is GAT-tar or COT-tar
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government type
absolute monarchy
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Capital
name: Doha geographic coordinates: 25 17 N, 51 32 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: the name is derived from the Arabic ad-dawha, meaning "the big tree," and probably referred to a large tree at the site of the original fishing village
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Administrative divisions
8 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Khawr wa adh Dhakhirah, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Ash Shamal, Ash Shihaniyah, Az Za'ayin, Umm Salal
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Legal system
mixed system of civil law and Islamic (sharia) law (in family and personal matters)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Constitution
history: previous 1972 (provisional); latest drafted 2 July 2002, approved by referendum 29 April 2003, endorsed 8 June 2004, effective 9 June 2005 amendment process: proposed by the Amir or by one third of Advisory Council members; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Advisory Council members and approval and promulgation by the emir; articles pertaining to the rule of state and its inheritance, functions of the emir, and citizen rights and liberties cannot be amended
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Qatar dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 20 years; 15 years if an Arab national
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Executive branch
chief of state: Amir TAMIM bin Hamad Al Thani (since 25 June 2013) head of government: Prime Minister and Foreign Minister MUHAMMAD bin Abd al-Rahman Al Thani (since 7 March 2023) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the amir election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the amir
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Legislative branch
legislature name: Shura Council (Majlis Al-Shura) legislative structure: unicameral number of seats: 49 (all appointed) electoral system: plurality/majority scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 4 years most recent election date: 10/9/2025 percentage of women in chamber: 6.1% expected date of next election: September 2029
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of the court president and several judges); Supreme Constitutional Court (consists of the chief justice and 6 members) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council, a 9-member independent body consisting of judiciary heads appointed by the amir; judges appointed for 3-year renewable terms; Supreme Constitutional Court members nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council and appointed by the monarch; term of appointment NA subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Administrative Court; Courts of First Instance; sharia courts; Courts of Justice; Qatar International Court and Dispute Resolution Center, established in 2009, provides dispute resolution services for institutions and bodies in Qatar, as well as internationally
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Political parties
political parties are banned
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Meshal bin Hamad AL THANI (since 24 April 2017) chancery: 2555 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20037 telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 FAX: [1] (202) 237-0682 email address and website: info.dc@mofa.gov.qa https://washington.embassy.qa/en/home consulate(s) general: Houston, Los Angeles, New York
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charg&eacute; d’Affaires Stefanie ALTMAN-WINANS (since June 2025) embassy: 22 February Street, Al Luqta District, P.O. Box 2399, Doha mailing address: 6130 Doha Place, Washington DC 20521-6130 telephone: [974] 4496-6000 FAX: [974] 4488-4298 email address and website: PasDoha@state.gov https://qa.usembassy.gov/
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
International organization participation
ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CD, CICA (observer), EITI (implementing country), FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Independence
3 September 1971 (from the UK)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National holiday
National Day, 18 December (1878), anniversary of Al Thani family accession to the throne; Independence Day, 3 September (1971)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Flag
description: maroon with a broad, serrated white band on the left side meaning: maroon stands for the blood shed in Qatari wars, and white for peace; the nine-pointed serrated edge is a reference to Qatar's status as the ninth member of the "reconciled emirates" after the Qatari-British treaty of 1916 -- the other eight members are Bahrain and the seven that make up the UAE
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National symbol(s)
a white serrated band with nine white points on top of a maroon field
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National color(s)
maroon, white
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National anthem(s)
title: "Al-Salam Al-Amiri" (Peace be to the Emir) lyrics/music: Sheikh MUBARAK bin Saif al-Thani/Abdul Aziz Nasser OBAIDAN history: adopted 1996
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Al Zubarah Archaeological Site
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Economy29 fields
Economic overview
high-income, oil-and-gas-based Middle Eastern economy; implementing “National Vision 2030” government strategy for economic development, diversification, and favorable business conditions to boost investment and employment; expansion of LNG sector expected to boost growth; Islamic finance leader
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$317.064 billion (2024 est.) $308.522 billion (2023 est.) $304.903 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Real GDP growth rate
2.8% (2024 est.) 1.2% (2023 est.) 4.2% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Real GDP per capita
$110,900 (2024 est.) $116,200 (2023 est.) $114,700 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
GDP (official exchange rate)
$217.983 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
1.3% (2024 est.) 3% (2023 est.) 5% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 0.3% (2024 est.) industry: 58.5% (2024 est.) services: 45.9% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption: 19.5% (2022 est.) government consumption: 12.9% (2022 est.) investment in fixed capital: 30.6% (2022 est.) investment in inventories: 0% (2022 est.) exports of goods and services: 68.6% (2022 est.) imports of goods and services: -31.6% (2022 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Agricultural products
dates, chicken, tomatoes, camel milk, vegetables, cucumbers/gherkins, pumpkins/squash, eggs, sheep milk, eggplants (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Industries
liquefied natural gas, crude oil production and refining, ammonia, fertilizer, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement, commercial ship repair
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Industrial production growth rate
1.6% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Labor force
2.123 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Unemployment rate
0.2% (2024 est.) 0.2% (2023 est.) 0.2% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 0.4% (2024 est.) male: 0.1% (2024 est.) female: 1.2% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
35.1 (2017 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Average household expenditures
on food: 14.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.) on alcohol and tobacco: 0.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%: 2.6% (2017 est.) highest 10%: 25.8% (2017 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Remittances
0.7% of GDP (2024 est.) 0.7% of GDP (2023 est.) 0.4% of GDP (2022 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Budget
revenues: $65.922 billion (2019 est.) expenditures: $57.258 billion (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Public debt
46.7% of GDP (2016 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Current account balance
$38.117 billion (2024 est.) $36.453 billion (2023 est.) $63.118 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exports
$125.216 billion (2024 est.) $128.709 billion (2023 est.) $161.693 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exports - partners
China 18%, India 11%, S. Korea 10%, Japan 7%, Pakistan 6% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exports - commodities
natural gas, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, plastics, fertilizers (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Imports
$69.692 billion (2024 est.) $72.174 billion (2023 est.) $74.52 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Imports - partners
USA 12%, China 12%, UAE 9%, UK 7%, India 5% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Imports - commodities
gas turbines, cars, aircraft, iron pipes, ships (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$53.987 billion (2024 est.) $51.539 billion (2023 est.) $47.389 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exchange rates
Qatari rials (QAR) per US dollar - 3.64 (2024 est.) 3.64 (2023 est.) 3.64 (2022 est.) 3.64 (2021 est.) 3.64 (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy7 fields
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 11.4 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 51.965 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 3.177 billion kWh (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 99.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Coal
exports: 300 metric tons (2023 est.) imports: 4,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Petroleum
total petroleum production: 1.818 million bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 268,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 25.244 billion barrels (2021 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural gas
production: 171.805 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) consumption: 48.034 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) exports: 124.747 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) proven reserves: 23.861 trillion cubic meters (2021 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy consumption per capita
814.308 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Communications6 fields
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 526,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 4.68 million (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 154 (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Broadcast media
state-controlled TV and radio licensing and access to local media markets; home of satellite TV channel Al-Jazeera, which was originally state-owned but is now independent; local radio includes state, private, and international broadcasters on FM frequencies; satellite TV available (2019)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Internet country code
.qa
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Internet users
percent of population: 100% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 347,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12 (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation5 fields
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
A7
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Airports
8 (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Heliports
12 (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Merchant marine
total: 123 (2023) by type: bulk carrier 5, container ship 4, general cargo 4, oil tanker 2, other 108
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Ports
total ports: 6 (2024) large: 0 medium: 1 small: 2 very small: 3 ports with oil terminals: 5 key ports: Al Rayyan Terminal, Al Shaheen Terminal, Doha, Jazirat Halul, Ras Laffan, Umm Said
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security6 fields
Military and security forces
Qatar Armed Forces (QAF): Qatari Amiri Land Force (QALF, includes Emiri Guard), Qatari Amiri Navy (QAN, includes Coast Guard), Qatari Amiri Air Force (QAAF) Ministry of Interior: General Directorate of Public Security, General Directorate of Coasts and Border Security, Internal Security Force (ISF or Lekhwiya) (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military expenditures
5% of GDP (2023 est.) 5% of GDP (2022 est.) 4% of GDP (2021 est.) 4% of GDP (2020 est.) 3.4% of GDP (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and security service personnel strengths
approximately 15,000 active-duty Qatar Armed Forces (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the Qatari military's inventory is a mix of older and modern weapons systems, mostly from T&uuml;rkiye, the US, and various European countries, including France, Germany, and Italy (2025) note: in the 2010s, Qatar embarked on a military expansion and modernization program with large air, ground, and naval equipment purchases
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military service age and obligation
typically 18-30 for voluntary service for men and women; compulsory military service for men 18-35; compulsory service is from 4-12 months, depending on educational and professional circumstances (2025) note: the military incorporates about 2,000 conscripts annually and recruits foreign contract soldiers to overcome manpower limitations
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military - note
Qatar's military is responsible for territorial defense and maritime security; the military is in the midst of a large equipment acquisition program designed to enhance its capabilities and Qatar's regional standing; Qatar has military ties with a variety of countries, including France, the UK, the US, Turkey, and member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC); it hosts the regional headquarters for the US Central Command (CENTCOM; established 1983) and several thousand US military forces at various military facilities, including the Al Udeid Air Base; Qatar has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; Qatar also hosts Turkish military forces at two bases established in 2014 and 2019; the Qatari military is part of the Peninsula Shield Forces, a joint military force established by the GCC countries with the aim of maintaining security and stability in the region (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transnational Issues1 fields
Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees: 349 (2024 est.) stateless persons: 1,200 (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source

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