American Language 250

Standard American Almanac

World · permanent entity record · TO

Flag of Togo

Togo

Thirty-second orientation

Togo at a glance

Capital
Lome
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Population
8,591,626
World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025
Area
56,785 sq km
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Nationality / demonym
noun: Togolese (singular and plural); adjective: Togolese
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Government
presidential republic
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04
Languages
French (official, language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (in the north)
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · as of 2026-02-04

Independently structured milestones · not a complete national history

Togo through time

  1. Admitted to the United Nations

    Togo became a member of the United Nations.

    United Nations, Member States · source checked 2026-09-04

Source history · changed fields only

Changes since the final CIA profile

FieldMaintained Almanac valueFinal CIA profile
Population8,591,626World Bank, World Development Indicators · observation year 2025total: 9,143,439 (2025 est.) male: 4,488,825 female: 4,654,614CIA World Factbook · as of 2026-01-18

A difference may reflect a newer observation, a revised estimate, or a different source definition. This table reports the values and dates; it does not manufacture a trend.

World Development Indicators · latest available observation

People, economy, and access

Observation years vary by measure. Each row identifies the series and year instead of presenting unlike dates as one current snapshot.

Gross domestic product
$11.9 billion
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Gross domestic product per person
$1,384
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Underlying providers: National statistical authorities, central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Life expectancy at birth
62.9 years
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Urban population
44.4%
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS · observation year 2025 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Access to electricity
61.1%
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS. Underlying providers: World Bank ESMAP, Tracking SDG 7. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
People using the internet
39.5%
World Bank, World Development Indicators · indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS · observation year 2024 · dataset updated 2026-07-13World Development Indicators observation for 2024; indicator IT.NET.USER.ZS. Underlying providers: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 2026-09-08.

World Development Indicators data are provided under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). The linked indicator metadata identifies the underlying statistical providers.

Maintained profile

Capital
Lome
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The nation set and displayed federal short name follow the current State Department independent-states register, dated August 11, 2026.
Area
56,785 sq km
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Final CIA source data preserved by a community mirror after the Factbook was retired; the mirror is not the issuing authority.
Population
8,591,626
World Bank, World Development Indicators · World Development Indicators observation for 2025; indicator SP.POP.TOTL. Underlying providers: UN Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat. Retrieved 2026-09-08.
Currency
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF)
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Currency label extracted from the Factbook exchange-rate field.
Languages
French (official, language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (in the north)
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · Factbook language listing reproduced without inferring official status beyond the source wording.
Nationality / demonym
noun: Togolese (singular and plural); adjective: Togolese
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json · The source’s noun and adjective forms are retained. These are language labels, not evidence of any individual person’s citizenship.
Government
presidential republic
CIA World Factbook final dataset, preserved by factbook.json ·
UN membership
1960-09-20
United Nations, Member States ·
Continent
Africa
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Continental label standardized from the archived profile region “Africa.”
Coastline
56 km
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Climate
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Religions
Christian 42.3%, folk religion 36.9%, Muslim 14%, Hindu <1%, Buddhist <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, none 6.2% (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Flag colors
green, yellow, white, red
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Colors extracted from the flag description in the preserved final CIA profile.
National symbol
lion
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Highest point
Mont Agou · 3,235 ft (986 m)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
Lowest point
Atlantic Ocean · 0 ft (0 m)
CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · Preserved final CIA profile; this field is a historical baseline, not a claim of current conditions.
NATO membership
Not a member
NATO, What is NATO? · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.
BRICS membership
Not a member
BRICS Brazil, About the BRICS · Membership status is reported from the organization's current member list as of the stated date.

Preserved public-domain record · not maintained current data

Final CIA World Factbook profile

This is the preserved historical baseline from the Factbook’s final public snapshot. It is presented as the CIA stated it, not as a current Standard American Almanac finding. Current, independently maintained facts appear above when available.

CIA World Factbook historical record · final public snapshot · profile updated · pinned source record · commit d81154954b8b

Introduction1 fields
Background
From the 11th to the 16th centuries, various ethnic groups settled the Togo region. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, the coastal region became a major trading center for enslaved people, and the surrounding region took on the name of "The Slave Coast." In 1884, Germany declared the area a protectorate called Togoland, which included present-day Togo. After World War I, colonial rule over Togo was transferred to France. French Togoland became Togo upon independence in 1960. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, ruled Togo with a heavy hand for almost four decades. Despite the facade of multi-party elections instituted in the early 1990s, EYADEMA largely dominated the government. His Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has been in power almost continually since 1967, with its successor, the Union for the Republic, maintaining a majority of seats in today's legislature. Upon EYADEMA's death in 2005, the military installed his son, Faure GNASSINGBE, as president and then engineered his formal election two months later. Togo held its first relatively free and fair legislative elections in 2007. Since then, GNASSINGBE has started the country along a gradual path to democratic reform. Togo has held multiple presidential and legislative elections, and in 2019, the country held its first local elections in 32 years. Despite those positive moves, political reconciliation has moved slowly, and the country experiences periodic outbursts of protests from frustrated citizens, leading to violence between security forces and protesters. Constitutional changes in 2019 to institute a runoff system in presidential elections and to establish term limits have done little to reduce the resentment many Togolese feel after more than 50 years of one-family rule. GNASSINGBE became eligible for his current fourth term and one additional fifth term under the new rules. The next presidential election is set for 2025.
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography18 fields
Location
Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geographic coordinates
8 00 N, 1 10 E
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Map references
Africa
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Area
total : 56,785 sq km land: 54,385 sq km water: 2,400 sq km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Area - comparative
slightly smaller than West Virginia
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land boundaries
total: 1,880 km border countries (3): Benin 651 km; Burkina Faso 131 km; Ghana 1,098 km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Coastline
56 km
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 30 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm note: the US does not recognize the territorial sea claim
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Climate
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Terrain
gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Elevation
highest point: Mont Agou 986 m lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m mean elevation: 236 m
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural resources
phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land use
agricultural land: 70.2% (2023 est.) arable land: 48.7% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 3.1% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 18.4% (2023 est.) forest: 22.4% (2023 est.) other: 7.4% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Irrigated land
70 sq km (2012)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Major watersheds (area sq km)
Atlantic Ocean drainage: Volta (410,991 sq km)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population distribution
one of the more densely populated African nations, with most of the population residing in rural communities; density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast, as shown in this population distribution map
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural hazards
hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Geography - note
stretches through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
People and Society36 fields
Population
total: 9,143,439 (2025 est.) male: 4,488,825 female: 4,654,614
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Nationality
noun: Togolese (singular and plural) adjective: Togolese
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Ethnic groups
Adja-Ewe/Mina 42.4%, Kabye/Tem 25.9%, Para-Gourma/Akan 17.1%, Akposso/Akebu 4.1%, Ana-Ife 3.2%, other Togolese 1.7%, foreigners 5.2%, no response 0.4% (2013-14 est.) note: Togo has an estimated 37 ethnic groups
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Languages
French (official, language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (in the north)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Religions
Christian 42.3%, folk religion 36.9%, Muslim 14%, Hindu <1%, Buddhist <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, none 6.2% (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Age structure
0-14 years: 38.7% (male 1,749,533/female 1,699,084) 15-64 years: 57% (male 2,486,142/female 2,597,914) 65 years and over: 4.3% (2024 est.) (male 159,596/female 225,725)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 74.7 (2025 est.) youth dependency ratio: 66.7 (2025 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 8 (2025 est.) potential support ratio: 12.6 (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Median age
total: 20.9 years (2025 est.) male: 19.9 years female: 21.4 years
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population growth rate
2.37% (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Birth rate
30.17 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Death rate
4.64 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Net migration rate
-1.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population distribution
one of the more densely populated African nations, with most of the population residing in rural communities; density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast, as shown in this population distribution map
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Urbanization
urban population: 44.5% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.6% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Major urban areas - population
1.982 million LOME (capital) (2023)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Mother's mean age at first birth
25 years (2017 est.) note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Maternal mortality ratio
349 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Infant mortality rate
total: 34.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) male: 43 deaths/1,000 live births female: 33.7 deaths/1,000 live births
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 72.1 years (2024 est.) male: 69.5 years female: 74.7 years
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Total fertility rate
4.03 children born/woman (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Gross reproduction rate
1.99 (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Drinking water source
urban: 87% of population (2022 est.) rural: 58.5% of population (2022 est.) total: 71% of population (2022 est.) urban: 13% of population (2022 est.) rural: 41.5% of population (2022 est.) total: 29% of population (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Health expenditure
5.6% of GDP (2021) 2.6% of national budget (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Physician density
0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Hospital bed density
0.6 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Sanitation facility access
urban: 82% of population (2022 est.) rural: 19.2% of population (2022 est.) total: 46.7% of population (2022 est.) urban: 18% of population (2022 est.) rural: 80.8% of population (2022 est.) total: 53.3% of population (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
8.4% (2016)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 1.4 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 0.78 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 0.2 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 0.33 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Tobacco use
total: 5% (2025 est.) male: 9.3% (2025 est.) female: 0.7% (2025 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
15.2% (2017 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
63.7% (2017 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Child marriage
women married by age 15: 6.4% (2017) women married by age 18: 24.8% (2017) men married by age 18: 2.6% (2017)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Education expenditure
4.1% of GDP (2023 est.) 11.6% national budget (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Literacy
total population: 72.6% (2022 est.) male: 82.8% (2022 est.) female: 63.7% (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 12 years (2017 est.) male: 13 years (2017 est.) female: 11 years (2017 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Environment11 fields
Environmental issues
deforestation from slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; very little rainforest still present and what remains is highly degraded; desertification; water pollution; air pollution in urban areas
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
International environmental agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Climate
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Land use
agricultural land: 70.2% (2023 est.) arable land: 48.7% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 3.1% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 18.4% (2023 est.) forest: 22.4% (2023 est.) other: 7.4% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Urbanization
urban population: 44.5% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.6% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Carbon dioxide emissions
2.656 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 372,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 1.941 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 343,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Particulate matter emissions
33.9 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Methane emissions
energy: 43.3 kt (2022-2024 est.) agriculture: 51.8 kt (2019-2021 est.) waste: 31.3 kt (2019-2021 est.) other: 10.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 1.109 million tons (2024 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 3.5% (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Total water withdrawal
municipal: 140.7 million cubic meters (2022 est.) industrial: 6.3 million cubic meters (2022 est.) agricultural: 76 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Total renewable water resources
14.7 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government25 fields
Country name
conventional long form: Togolese Republic conventional short form: Togo local long form: R&eacute;publique Togolaise local short form: none former: French Togoland etymology: the name derives from the town of Togodo (now Togoville) on the northern shore of Lake Togo; the town's name probably comes from the lake's name, which is composed of the Ewe words to ("water") and go ("shore")
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Government type
presidential republic
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Capital
name: Lome geographic coordinates: 6 07 N, 1 13 E time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: the name comes from a local word meaning "little market"
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Administrative divisions
5 regions (r&eacute;gions, singular - r&eacute;gion); Centrale, Kara, Maritime, Plateaux, Savanes
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Legal system
customary law system
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Constitution
history: several previous; latest adopted 27 September 1992, effective 14 October 1992; revised 6 May 2024 amendment process: proposed by the president of the republic or supported by at least one fifth of the National Assembly membership; passage requires four-fifths majority vote by the Assembly; a referendum is required if approved by only two-thirds majority of the Assembly or if requested by the president; constitutional articles on the republican and secular form of government cannot be amended
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; non-party state to the ICCt
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Togo dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Executive branch
chief of state: President Jean-Lucien Kwassi Savi de TOVE (since 3 May 2025) head of government: President of Council of Ministers Faure GNASSINGBE (since 3 May 2025) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the president of the council of ministers election/appointment process: president is appointed by the national assembly for one six-year term; the president of the council of ministers is the leader of the majority party in the national assembly and is confirmed by the Constitutional Court with no term limits election results: 2020: Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 70.8%, Agbeyome KODJO (MPDD) 19.5%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 4.7%, other 5% 2015: Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 58.8%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 35.2%, Tchaboure GOGUE (ADDI) 4%, other 2% note: in May 2024, the President signed into law changes to the constitution that converted the presidential system to a parliamentary republic and created the President of Council of Ministers position
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Legislative branch
legislature name: Parliament legislative structure: bicameral note: party lists are required to contain equal numbers of men and women
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Legislative branch - lower chamber
chamber name: National Assembly (Assemblée nationale) number of seats: 113 (all directly elected) electoral system: proportional representation scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 6 years most recent election date: 4/29/2024 parties elected and seats per party: Union for the Republic (UNIR) (108); Other (5) percentage of women in chamber: 15% expected date of next election: April 2030
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Legislative branch - upper chamber
chamber name: Senate (Sénat) number of seats: 61 (41 directly elected; 20 appointed) scope of elections: full renewal term in office: 6 years most recent election date: 2/15/2025 parties elected and seats per party: Union for the Republic (UNIR) (34); Independents (3); Other (4) percentage of women in chamber: 24.6% expected date of next election: February 2031
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Cour Supr&ecirc;me (organized into criminal and administrative chambers, each with a chamber president and advisors); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges, including the court president) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president appointed by decree of the president of the republic on the proposal of the Supreme Council of the Magistracy, a 9-member judicial, advisory, and disciplinary body; other judicial appointments and judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the National Assembly; judge tenure NA subordinate courts: Court of Assizes (sessions court); Appeal Court; tribunals of first instance (divided into civil, commercial, and correctional chambers; Court of State Security; military tribunal
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Political parties
Action Committee for Renewal or CAR Alliance of Democrats for Integral Development or ADDI Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA Democratic Forces for the Republic or FDR National Alliance for Change or ANC New Togolese Commitment Pan-African National Party or PNP Pan-African Patriotic Convergence or CPP Patriotic Movement for Democracy and Development or MPDD Socialist Pact for Renewal or PSR The Togolese Party Union of Forces for Change or UFC Union for the Republic or UNIR
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Fr&eacute;d&eacute;ric Edem HEGBE (since 24 April 2017) chancery: 2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4212 FAX: [1] (202) 232-3190 email address and website: embassyoftogo@hotmail.com https://embassyoftogousa.com/
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charg&eacute; d’Affaires Richard C. MICHAELS (since June 2025) embassy: Boulevard Eyadema B.P. 852, Lom&eacute; mailing address: 2300 Lome Place, Washington, DC 20521-2300 telephone: [228] 2261-5470 FAX: [228] 2261-5501 email address and website: consularLome@state.gov https://tg.usembassy.gov/
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
International organization participation
ACP, AfDB, AIIB, AU, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Independence
27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National holiday
Independence Day, 27 April (1960)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Flag
description: five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; a five-pointed white star on a red square is in the upper-left corner meaning: the five horizontal stripes stand for the country's regions; red stands for the people's loyalty and patriotism; green for hope, fertility, and agriculture; yellow for mineral wealth and faith that hard work and strength will bring prosperity; the star symbolizes life, purity, peace, dignity, and national independence history: uses the colors of the Pan-African movement
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National symbol(s)
lion
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National color(s)
green, yellow, red, white
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National anthem(s)
title: "Salut &agrave; toi, pays de nos aieux" (Hail to Thee, Land of Our Forefathers) lyrics/music: Alex CASIMIR-DOSSEH history: adopted 1960, restored 1992; anthem was replaced during one-party rule between 1979 and 1992
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Koutammakou; the Land of the Batammariba
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Economy30 fields
Economic overview
low-income West African economy; primarily agrarian economy; has a deep-water port; growing international shipping locale; improving privatization and public budgeting transparency; key phosphate mining industry; extremely high rural poverty
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$27.115 billion (2024 est.) $25.75 billion (2023 est.) $24.199 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Real GDP growth rate
5.3% (2024 est.) 6.4% (2023 est.) 5.8% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Real GDP per capita
$2,800 (2024 est.) $2,800 (2023 est.) $2,700 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
GDP (official exchange rate)
$9.926 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
2.9% (2024 est.) 5.3% (2023 est.) 7.6% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 18% (2024 est.) industry: 20% (2024 est.) services: 52% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption: 78.3% (2024 est.) government consumption: 13.1% (2024 est.) investment in fixed capital: 22.3% (2024 est.) investment in inventories: 0% (2024 est.) exports of goods and services: 24.4% (2024 est.) imports of goods and services: -38.1% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Agricultural products
cassava, maize, yams, sorghum, soybeans, beans, rice, vegetables, oil palm fruit, cotton (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Industries
phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement, handicrafts, textiles, beverages
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Industrial production growth rate
4.2% (2024 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Labor force
3.345 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Unemployment rate
2% (2024 est.) 2% (2023 est.) 2% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 3.4% (2024 est.) male: 3.3% (2024 est.) female: 3.5% (2024 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Population below poverty line
45.5% (2018 est.) note: % of population with income below national poverty line
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
37.9 (2021 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%: 2.8% (2021 est.) highest 10%: 29.6% (2021 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Remittances
7.1% of GDP (2023 est.) 8% of GDP (2022 est.) 7.8% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Budget
revenues: $1.801 billion (2023 est.) expenditures: $2.407 billion (2023 est.) note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Public debt
81.6% of GDP (2016 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Taxes and other revenues
14.8% (of GDP) (2023 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Current account balance
-$20.738 million (2020 est.) -$55.444 million (2019 est.) -$184.852 million (2018 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exports
$1.722 billion (2020 est.) $1.665 billion (2019 est.) $1.703 billion (2018 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exports - partners
UAE 40%, India 13%, Angola 13%, Burkina Faso 4%, Cote d'Ivoire 3% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exports - commodities
gold, refined petroleum, soybeans, phosphates, coconuts/brazil nuts/cashews (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Imports
$2.389 billion (2020 est.) $2.261 billion (2019 est.) $2.329 billion (2018 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Imports - partners
China 26%, India 26%, Belgium 6%, Netherlands 6%, USA 3% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, garments, rice, palm oil, motorcycles and cycles (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Debt - external
$1.923 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Exchange rates
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 606.345 (2024 est.) 606.57 (2023 est.) 623.76 (2022 est.) 554.531 (2021 est.) 575.586 (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy7 fields
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 57.2% (2022 est.) electrification - urban areas: 96.5% electrification - rural areas: 25%
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 326,000 kW (2023 est.) consumption: 1.815 billion kWh (2023 est.) imports: 1.1 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 206.938 million kWh (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 79.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 11.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 8.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Coal
consumption: 163,000 metric tons (2023 est.) exports: 10 metric tons (2023 est.) imports: 163,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption: 14,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Natural gas
consumption: 176.16 million cubic meters (2023 est.) imports: 176.16 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Energy consumption per capita
4.538 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Communications6 fields
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 67,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2023 est.) less than 1
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 7.69 million (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 81 (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Broadcast media
1 state-owned TV station with multiple transmission sites; five private local TV stations; cable TV available; state-owned radio network with two stations; several dozen private radio stations and a few community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters available (2019)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Internet country code
.tg
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Internet users
percent of population: 37% (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 114,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2023 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transportation5 fields
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
5V
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Airports
7 (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Railways
total: 568 km (2014) narrow gauge: 568 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Merchant marine
total: 397 (2023) by type: bulk carrier 1, container ship 10, general cargo 250, oil tanker 56, other 80
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Ports
total ports: 2 (2024) large: 0 medium: 1 small: 0 very small: 1 ports with oil terminals: 2 key ports: Kpeme, Lome
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and Security6 fields
Military and security forces
Togolese Armed Forces (Forces Armees Togolaise, FAT): Togolese Army, Togolese Navy, Togolese Air Force, National Gendarmerie (Gendarmerie Nationale Togolaise or GNT) Ministry of Security and Civil Protection: Togolese Police (2025) note: the Police and GNT are responsible for law enforcement and maintenance of order within the country; the GNT is also responsible for migration and border enforcement; the GNT falls under the Ministry of the Armed Forces but also reports to the Ministry of Security and Civil Protection on many matters involving law enforcement and internal security; in 2022, the Ministry of the Armed Forces was made part of the Office of the Presidency
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military expenditures
2.2% of GDP (2024 est.) 3% of GDP (2023 est.) 4% of GDP (2022 est.) 2.8% of GDP (2021 est.) 2.8% of GDP (2020 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military and security service personnel strengths
estimated 20,000 active Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the FAT has a small inventory of mostly obsolescent or older armaments originating from several countries, including Brazil, France, Russia/former Soviet Union, T&uuml;rkiye, the UK, and the US (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military service age and obligation
18-24 years of age for military service for men and women; initial 24-month service obligation; no conscription (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Military - note
the Togolese Armed Forces (FAT) are responsible for both external defense and internal security; the FAT’s primary concerns are border security, terrorism, and maritime security; in recent years, it has boosted operations in the northern border region of the country to secure the frontier and prevent banditry, illicit smuggling, and infiltrations from Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM), a coalition of al-Qa'ida-affiliated militant groups based in Mali that also operates in neighboring Burkina Faso; in 2022, the Togolese Government declared a state of emergency in the north following an attack by JNIM fighters on a Togolese military post that killed several soldiers; the Navy and Air Force have increased focus on combating piracy and smuggling in the Gulf of Guinea since its creation in 1963, the Togolese military has had a history of involvement in the country’s politics, including assassinations, coups, and a crackdown in 2005 that killed hundreds of civilians; over the past decade, it has made efforts to reform and professionalize, which have included increasing its role in UN peacekeeping activities, participating in multinational exercises, and receiving training from foreign partners, particularly France and the US; in addition, Togo has established a regional peacekeeping training center for military and police in Lome (2025)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Terrorism1 fields
Terrorist group(s)
Jama’at Nusrat al Islam wal Muslimeen (JNIM) note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source
Transnational Issues1 fields
Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees: 48,756 (2024 est.) IDPs: 18,429 (2024 est.)
CIA World Factbook historical record · as of · source

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